blood 4

Question 1

what is anemia?

Answer 1

-blood has abnormally low oxygen carrying capacity
-symptom rather than disease
-blood-oxygen level cannot support normal metabolism

Question 2

what are the signs/symptoms of anemia

Answer 2

fatigue, paleness, shortness of breath, and chills

Question 3

what is hemorrhagic anemia

Answer 3

result of acute or chronic blood loss

Question 4

what is hemolytic anemia

Answer 4

result of acute or chronic loss of blood
e.coli causing blood rupture (hamburger syndrome)

Question 5

what is aplastic anemia

Answer 5

destruction of inhibiton of red bone marrow

Question 6

what does iron deficiency anemia result from

Answer 6

1. secondary result of hemorrhagic anemia
2. inadequate intake of iron-containing foods
   3.impaired iron absorption

Question 7

how does a person get pernicious anemia? who does it affect? what is the treatment?

Answer 7

-Vitamin b-12 deficiency
-lack of intrinsic factor needed for absorption of b12
-stomach mucosa cells being destroyed that produce b12

-elderly and vegetarians mostly

-intramuscular injection of b12 application of nascobal (nasal spray)

Question 8

what is thalassemia? how do RBCs look?

Answer 8

absent or faulty globin chains in Hb

RBCs are thin, delicate, deficient in Hb

Question 9

What is sickle cell anemia? How do the RBCs look?

Answer 9

defective gene coding for an abnormal Hb called HbS.
HbS has a single amino acid substitution in the beta chain
RBCs are sickle- shaped in low oxygen situations

Question 10

what is Polycythemia

Answer 10

excess of RBCs in blood stream increasing blood viscosity

Question 11

What are the types of polycythemias

Answer 11

▪Polycythemia vera
▪ Secondary polycythemia (smokers, burn victims)
▪ Blood doping
▪ EPO abuse

Question 12

Facts about leukocytes

Answer 12

-only blood component that are complete cells
- make up less than 1% of total blood volume
-leaves capillary via diapedesis
-moves through tissue space

Question 13

what is leukocytosis? when would the body have that response?

Answer 13

when the WBC count goes over 11,000/mm. normal response to bacterial or viral invasion

Question 14

how many erythrocytes are available per microliter of blood

Answer 14

4-6 million cells/ nano litre

Question 15

how many leukocytes are available per microliter of blood

Answer 15

4800-10,800 cells/ nano litre

Question 16

how many platelets are available per micro litre of blood? how long does it take to develop? how long do they last?

Answer 16

150,000-400,000. 4-5 days. 5-10 days

Question 17

What are the treatments of polycythemias?

Answer 17

bleed blood out and add saline

Question 18

why is sickle cell anemia common in certain population

Answer 18

common in Africa this is b/c of the malaria parasite.