6.2 Flashcards
lower respiratory consist of
larynx, trachea, bronchi and lungs
function of conducting zones
passageway
cleanse (filter)
moistens and humidify air
olfactory zone
resonating chamber for speech
major respiratory organs: respiratory zone
respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts & alveoli
larynx description and function
connects pharynx to trachea
air passageway
guides air and food to proper channels
voice production
trachea description and function
flexible c shaped tube starts from larynx
air passageway;cleans warms mositones air
bronchial tree description and function
right and left main bronchi. lack cartilage instead have smooth muscle
air passageway, connects trachea with aveoli, cleans, warms, moistens
alveoli description and function
termini of bronchial tree
simple squamous epithelium
associated with pulmonary capillaries
site of gas exchange
what does surfactant in the alveoli do?
reduce surface tension;prevent lung from collapsing
lungs description and function
composed of alveoli and respiratory passageways. stroma (elastic CT, helping lungs recoil during expiration)
houses respiratory passages smalled than main bronchie
pleurae description and function
lines thoracic cavity; external lung surface
lubricates fluid and compartmentalize lungs
how many hyaline cartilage does larync have
nine
how many hyaline cartilages does larynx have
nine
epiglottis description
consist of elastic cartilage
covers laryngeal inlet during swallowing to prevent food from entering respiratory tract
covered in tastes buds containing mucosa`
vestibular folds
false cords
superior to vocal fold
no part in sound production
help to close glottis during swallowing
vocal ligaments
form core of vocal folds (true vocal cords)
attaches to arytenoid cartilage and thyroid cartilage
elastic fibers appear white (no blood vessels)
glottis
opening between vocal folds
folds vibrate producing varying pitches as air rushes up from lungs
voice production (speech,pitch,loudness)
speech: periodic release of expire air during opening and closing of glottis
pitch determined by length and tension
loudness depends upon force of air
how is sound quality improved
pharynx, oral, nasal, and sinus cavity
how is sound shaped
pharynx, tongue, soft palate, lips
sphincter functions of larynx
prevents air passage
glottis closes to prevent exhalation
abdominal muscle contract
empty rectum or stabilize trunk during heavy lifting
tracheas
windpipe
between two lungs and their sacs
4 inches long 3/4 inch in diameter flexible
3 walls
what are the three layers of the trachea
mucosa: ciliated pseudostratified epithelium with goblet cells
submucosa: CT seromucous glands; supported by 16-20 rings
adventia: outermost layer CT
trachealis
smooth muscle fiber conect posterior part of cartilage
contract during coughing to expel mucus
carina
last tracheal cartilage, where trachea branches into two main bronchi
mucosa of carina highly sensitive; violent coughing if foreign object makes contact with it
