4.3.3 Flashcards

1
Q

CHECK 699

A
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2
Q

what are venous sinuses

A

flatted veins with thin walls

coronary sinus and dural sinuses

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3
Q

how is backflow prevented in veins

A

valves ensuring one way flow

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4
Q

why do veins have such large lumens

A

to ensure blood returns to heart

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5
Q

how is blood pushed up hrough veins

A

SKELETAL MUSCLE CONTRACT

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6
Q

why do we have arterial anastomoses

A

for alternate pathways

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7
Q

where is arterial anastomoses commone

A

joints, brain, heart abdominal organ

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8
Q

unit measurement of blood flow

A

ml/min

5l/min

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9
Q

blood flow refers to

vessels

organs

entire circulation

all of the above

A

all of the above

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10
Q

blood flow is equivalent to -_______ for the entire vasucalr systesm

entire body movement

cardiac output

cardiac input

A

cardiac output

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11
Q

what is blood pressure

A

force per unit area exterted on the wall of a blood vessel

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12
Q

what is the unit measurement for BP

A

mm Hg

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13
Q

blood moves from ______ to ____ pressure

A

high to low

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14
Q

what does the resistance measure

A

amount of friction blood encounters

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15
Q

where is blood resistance encountered mostly

A

peripheral system circulation

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16
Q

what are the three important sources of resistance

A

blood viscosity (formed elements, plasma protein)

total blood vessel length (longer = more resistance)

blood vessel diameter (site of regulation)

17
Q

main opportunity to change resistance is

18
Q

if the radius is doubled, the resistance is

A

1/16

1/(radius)^4

19
Q

what happens if a patient has fatty plaque from atherosclerosis

A

it dramatically increases resistance, disrupt laminar flow (turbulence)

20
Q

if pressure gradient increases, blood flow will

speed up

slow down

stay the same

21
Q

if resistance (R) increase blood flow will

speed up

slow down

stay the same

22
Q

what is the most important influencer on blood flow

A

resistance b/c it easily changes by altering blood vessel diameter

23
Q

how do we get pressure

A

flow is opposed by resistance

24
Q

systemic pressure is highest in the

vena cava

peripheral system

aorta

left atrium

25
what is the pressure when blood is in the right atrium
0mm hg
26
when does the steeped drop in blood pressure occur
in the arterioles
27
what are the two factors that affect arterial blood pressure
elasticity volume of blood forced into them
28
what is systolic pressure
pressure exerted during ventricul constriction
29
what is diastolic pressure
ventricular diastolis
30
how do you calculate pulse pressure
difference of systolic and diastolic pressure
31
what is the mean arterial pressure
pressure that propels blood to tissue
32
how to calculate MAP
diastolic pressure + 1/3 pulse pressure
33
what is the range for capillary blood pressure
15-35 mm Hg
34
what happens if capillaries had high BP
would rupture
35
is the change in venous BP little or large
little
36
what is the pressure gradient for venous BP
15 mm Hg
37
why is venous BP so low
cumulaitve effect of peripheral resistance
38
what 3 factors aid in blood return from veisn
respiratory pump muscular pump and valves vasconstriction under sympathetic contro;