6.3 function of lungs and pleura

Question 1

what are lungs

Answer 1

occupy all of thoracic cavity except at mediastinum which contains heart, blood vessels, bronchi and esophagus

Question 2

root

Answer 2

site of vascular and bronchial attachment to mediastinum at the helium

Question 3

costal surface

Answer 3

anterior, lateral, and posterior surface lying close to rib

Question 4

apex

Answer 4

superopr tip deep to clavicle bone

Question 5

base

Answer 5

inferior surface dome shaped diaphragm

Question 6

hilium

Answer 6

found in mediastinal surface, site for entry/exit of blood vessels, bronchi, lymphatic vessels and nerves

Question 7

left lung

Answer 7

seperated into superior and inferior lobes by oblique fissure 2

Question 8

right lung

Answer 8

superior—horizontal fissure —–middle—- oblique fissure—–inferior

Question 9

how many bronchopulmonary segments on left? right?

Answer 9

8-10. 10.

Question 10

pulmonary _______ bring blood to lungs to be oxygenated

Answer 10

arteries

Question 11

pulmonary ____ returns oxygenated blood to the heart

Answer 11

vein

Question 12

bronchial arteries provide systemic blood to feed ____ and are drained by bronchial veins

Answer 12

lungs

Question 13

what are the 2 circulations of lungs

Answer 13

pulmonary circulation and bronchial circulation

Question 14

parasympathetic and sympathetic fibers work on bronchioles T/F

Answer 14

true

Question 15

where do nerves enter on lung root

Answer 15

pulmonary plexus

Question 16

pleura

Answer 16

secretes watery fluid into two plueral compartments and mediastinum

Question 17

parietal pleura

Answer 17

wall of body cavity, membrane of thoracic wall, superior face of diaphragm, around heart between lungs

Question 18

visceral pleurs

Answer 18

membran on external lung surface

Question 19

pleurisy

Answer 19

inflammation of pleura often from pneumonia

inflamed pleura become rough, resulting in friction (stabbing feeling in chest)

pleasure may produce excessive amount of liquid hindering breathing

Question 20

what is atmospheric pressure at sea level

Answer 20

760mm Hg

Question 21

intrapleural pressure

Answer 21

keeps lung inflated ensure lungs expand when chest cavity expands

Question 22

3 factors that effect intrapleural pressure

Answer 22

tendency of lungs to recoil-elastic fibers

surface tension of alveolar fluid

surface tension of pleural fluid + elasticity of chest wall

Question 23

pneumothorax

Answer 23

rupturing either the parietal or visceral pleura

Question 24

3 factors that influence pulmonary ventilation

Answer 24

airway reistance
alveolar surface tension
lung compliance