Blood

Question 1

form a closed vascular system that
transports blood to the tissues and back to the
heart

Answer 1

Blood Vessels

Question 2

Vessels that carry blood away from the heart

Answer 2

Arteries and arterioles

Question 3

Vessels that play a role in exchanges between tissues

and blood

Answer 3

Capillary beds

Question 4

Vessels that return blood toward the heart

Answer 4

Venules and veins

Question 5

▪ Three layers (tunics) in blood vessels

Answer 5

Tunica intima
Tunica media
Tunica externa

Question 6

forms a friction-reducing lining

Answer 6

Tunica intima

Question 7

Smooth muscle and elastic tissue

Controlled by sympathetic nervous system

Answer 7

Tunica media

Question 8

forms protective outermost covering

Answer 8

Tunica externa

Question 9

have a heavier, stronger, stretchier tunica

media than veins to withstand changes in pressure

Answer 9

Arteries

Question 10

have a thinner tunica media than arteries and

operate under low pressure

Answer 10

Veins

Question 11

is larger than that of arteries

Answer 11

Lumen of veins

Question 12

• Only one cell layer thick (tunica intima)

- Allow for exchanges between blood and tissue

Answer 12

Capillaries

Question 13

Blood flow through a capillary bed

Answer 13

microcirculation

Question 14

• Branch off a terminal arteriole
• Empty directly into a postcapillary venule
• Entrances to capillary beds are guarded by precapillary
  sphincters

Answer 14

True capillaries

Question 15

• Largest artery in the body

- Leaves from the left ventricle of the heart

Answer 15

Aorta

Question 16

—leaves the left ventricle

Answer 16

Ascending aorta

Question 17

—arches to the left

Answer 17

Aortic Arch

Question 18

—travels downward through the thorax

Answer 18

Thoracic Aorta

Question 19

—passes through the diaphragm into the

abdominopelvic cavity

Answer 19

Abdominal Aorta

Question 20

Right and left coronary arteries serve the heart

Answer 20

Arterial branches of the ascending aorta

Question 21

Brachiocephalic trunk splits into the

Answer 21

▪ Right common carotid artery

▪ Right subclavian artery

Question 22

Left common carotid artery splits into the

Answer 22

▪ Left internal and external carotid arteries

Question 23

Left subclavian artery branches into the

Answer 23

Vertebral artery

Question 24

Other branches of the thoracic aorta (not illustrated)

supply the

Answer 24

▪ Lungs (bronchial arteries)
▪ Esophagus (esophageal arteries)
▪ Diaphragm (phrenic arteries)

Question 25

is the first branch of the abdominal aorta

Answer 25

Celiac trunk

Question 26

Celiac trunk is the first branch of the abdominal aorta. | Three branches are

Answer 26

1. Left gastric artery (stomach) 2. Splenic artery (spleen) 3. Common hepatic artery (liver)

Question 27

supplies most of the small | intestine and first half of the large intestine

Answer 27

Superior mesenteric artery

Question 28

serve muscles of the abdomen and | trunk

Answer 28

Lumbar arteries

Question 29

in females serve the ovaries

Answer 29

Ovarian arteries

Question 30

in males serve the testes

Answer 30

Testicular arteries

Question 31

the second half of the | large intestine

Answer 31

▪ Inferior mesenteric artery

Question 32

the final | branches of the aorta

Answer 32

Left and Right common iliac arteries

Question 33

drains the head and arms

Answer 33

Superior vena cava

Question 34

drains the lower body

Answer 34

Inferior vena cava

Question 35

drains the lateral aspect of the arm and | empties into the axillary vein

Answer 35

Cepalic vein

Question 36

drains the medial aspect of the arm and | empties into the brachial vein

Answer 36

Basilic Vein

Question 37

``` are joined at the median cubital vein (elbow area) ```

Answer 37

Basilic and Cephalic Veins

Question 38

drains the posterior part of the head

Answer 38

Vertebral vein

Question 39

vein drains the dural sinuses of the brain

Answer 39

Internal Jugular

Question 40

Left and right brachiocephalic veins receive venous | blood from the

Answer 40

▪ Subclavian veins ▪ Vertebral veins ▪ Internal jugular veins

Question 41

drains the thorax

Answer 41

Azygos vein

Question 42

drain | the legs

Answer 42

Anterior and posterior tibial veins and fibial veins

Question 43

(longest veins of the body)

Answer 43

▪ Great saphenous veins

Question 44

drains the right ovary in females and | right testicle in males

Answer 44

Right gonadal vein

Question 45

empties into the left renal vein

Answer 45

Left gonadal vein

Question 46

drain the kidneys

Answer 46

Left and right renal veins

Question 47

drains the digestive organs and travels through the liver before it enters systemic circulation

Answer 47

Hepatic portal vein

Question 48

drain the liver

Answer 48

Left and right hepatic veins

Question 49

Internal carotid arteries divide into

Answer 49

Anterior and middle cerebral arteries

Question 50

serves the brain stem and cerebellum

Answer 50

Basilar artery

Question 51

form from the division of the | basilar artery

Answer 51

Posterior cerebral arteries

Question 52

These arteries supply the posterior cerebrum

Answer 52

Posterior cerebral arteries

Question 53

united by | small communicating arterial branches

Answer 53

Anterior and posterior blood supplies

Question 54

—complete circle of connecting blood vessels

Answer 54

cerebral arterial circle, or circle of Willis

Question 55

formed by veins draining the digestive organs, which empty into the hepatic portal vein

Answer 55

Hepatic portal circulation

Question 56

the hepatic portal vein

Answer 56

▪ Digestive organs ▪ Spleen ▪ Pancreas

Question 57

Measurements of arterial pulse, blood pressure, | respiratory rate, and body temperature

Answer 57

Vital signs

Question 58

Alternate expansion and recoil of a blood vessel wall | (the pressure wave) that occurs as the heart beats

Answer 58

Arterial pulse

Question 59

Pulse averages in a | healthy person

Answer 59

70 to 76 beats per minute at rest

Question 60

▪ The pressure the blood exerts against the inner walls of the blood vessels ▪ The force that causes blood to continue to flow in the blood vessels

Answer 60

Blood pressure

Question 61

Two arterial blood pressures are measured

Answer 61

Systolic | Diastolic

Question 62

pressure in the arteries at the peak of | ventricular contraction

Answer 62

Systolic

Question 63

pressure when ventricles relax

Answer 63

Diastolic

Question 64

is an indirect method of measuring systemic arterial blood pressure, most often in the brachial artery

Answer 64

Auscultatory method