BL Bone, Bone Marrow, Blood And Blood Vessels Flashcards
What are the types of bones?
Long
Short
Irregular
Sesamoid
Flat
Describe long bones
Examples
Longer than they are wide
Mostly in appendicular skeleton
e.g. femur
Function of long bones
Support the weight of the body
Facilitate movement
Describe short bones
Examples
As long as they are wide
e.g.. wrist and ankle bones
Function of short bones
Provide stability and some movement
Describe flat bones
Examples
Flattened with roughly parallel opposite edges
e.g. sternum, ribs, ilium
Function of flat bones
Protection of internal organs
Area for attachment of muscles
Function of irregular bones
Provides anchor points for muscles
Protect internal organs:
- Vertebrae protect spinal cord
- Sacrum protects pelvic organs
Functions of sesamoid bones
Protect tendons from stress and damage from wear and tear
Where is yellow bone marrow found?
Medulla region of bone
Where is red bone marrow found?
Ends of long bones
Only in cancellous bone
What are the main cells of yellow bone marrow?
Adipose tissue
Contains stem cells that can become cartilage, fat or bone cells
Function of red bone marrow
Site of haemopoiesis
Function of yellow bone marrow
Shock absorber
Energy source - adipose
Compare and contrast red and yellow bone marrow
Red:
- full of developing blood cells
- rich blood supply
- only in cancellous bone
- site of haematopoiesis
Yellow:
- full of adipocytes
- poor blood supply
- shock absorber + energy source
