Bits and bobs 6 Flashcards
TCAs neurotrans
reduce the uptake of 5HT and NE into nerves –> leads to an accumulation of NE and 5 HT in the presynaptic cleft
MAOis neurotrans
Allows accumulation of NE, 5 HT and dopamine in the synaptic cleft & increase storage of NT in vesicles
SSRI nerurotrans
Specifically block 5HT with little to no effect on NE
Increase the levels of 5HT in the synaptic cleft
SNRIs nurotrans
- Prevent the reuptake of 5HT and NE
- leads to accumulation of 5HT, NE and Dopamine in the Synaptic Cleft
Serotonin Syndrome
- excessive serotonin in the synaptic cleft
- Hyperthermia, seizures, rhabdomyolysis
- Tremors, agitation, exaggerated reflexes fever over 39
- Increased bowl sounds (diarrhea), Tachycardia, bp instability (often high bp)
- agitation, mydriasis, diaphoresis
theory behind anticonvulsants for mania
Drugs that Suppress Sodium Influx
thought to increase the level of inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA (Gamma- aminobutyric acid)
what’s contraindicated with lithium
Lithium and Haldol – contraindicated – encephalopathy (swelling of the brain)
Mech of action bentos and barbiturates
- potentiate GABA action, Binding directly to GABA Receptors
- Increase GABA to decrease message being sent (the firing)
Lithium Toxicity
Polyuria, fatigue, drowsiness , blurred vision, muscle weakness, tremors, diarrhea, vomitting, GI discomfort, tremor, confusion, fatigue, seizures and possibly death, tachycardia
Kidney failure, delirium, coma
Anti-Seizure Drugs Drugs that suppress sodium influx
- Neuronal activity is suppressed because Na+ channels are temporarily inactivated
- Sodium Influx work here by slowing down depolarization phase and therefore slow down the action potential
- VPA, carbamazepine, lamotrigine
Malignant Hyperthermia
ECT risk
Occurs after general anesthetic
Due to succinylcholine
- high CO2 in blood, Skeletal muscle rigidit, Fever, Cyanosis
Morning prior to ECT
- Administer anticholinergic meds about 30min-1 hr before procedure
- No food or drink (NPO) 8-12 hours before ECT
- Refrain from smoking prior to your procedure
- Ask them to void
- Hold morning meds
fluid intake for lithium
2.5-3L/day
association between bulimia nervosa and the neurotransmitters
serotonin and norepinephrine. Because citalopram is an SSRI, it would be useful in the treatment of bulimia nervosa and responsible for a positive client response.
what to give for Narcolepsy
give amphetamines
Neurocognitive disorder due to HIV affects
- 40% to 60% of clients diagnosed with this debilitating disease and is a common cause of mental status change in clients diagnosed with HIV infection. Typical manifestations are confusion, fluctuating memory loss, decreased concentration, lethargy, and diminished motor speed.
most common serious adverse effect of using flumazenil to reverse benzodiazepine overdose
seizures
Sublimation
transforming one’s anxiety or emotions into pursuits that are considered by societal or cultural norms to be more useful. This defense mechanism may be present in someone who channels their aggression and energy into playing sports.
- A client experiencing sublimation channels maladaptive feelings or impulses into socially acceptable behavior. Transforming one’s anxiety or emotions into pursuits that are considered by societal or cultural norms to be more useful
inadequate intake of vitamin B1 (thiamine) secondary to prolonged and excessive alcohol intake can cause what mild SE
Numbness and tingling in the hands and feet are symptoms of peripheral polyneuritis,
Which neurotransmitter has been implicated in the development of Alzheimer’s disease?
A relative deficiency of acetylcholine
