birmingham

Question 1

where is birmingham?

Answer 1

heart of west midland conurbation

Question 2

population

Answer 2

1.1 million

Question 3

history of birmingham
1563

Answer 3

power from watermills
products had become less agricultural such as developing blades for swords
metropolitan - william camden “swarming with inhabitants”

Question 4

history of birmingham
1700

Answer 4

lots of rural to urban migration fo pop growing - 15,000
middle class increasing - service sectors developing
different housing areas based on socio-economic areas
Boulton made first factory in the world in birmingham, employing 700

Question 5

history of birmingham
1800

Answer 5

gun, jewellery, button and brass industries dominated
other industries needed to support the growing population
Cadbury factory set up Bourneville village
banks eg lloyds founded and law firms developed
in the middle of canal network
london to birmingham railway opened in 1838

Question 6

history of birmingham
1906

Answer 6

new engineering industries developed eg car plant

Question 7

history of birmingham
1917

Answer 7

vehicle industry expanded
eg Dunlop tyre company

Question 8

how did birmingham survive the great depression?

Answer 8

due to the diversity of metal-working industries

Question 9

how was there prosperity and growth in brimingham in the 1950s-1960s?

Answer 9

population increase due to natural increase and rural to urban migration
unemployment below 1%

Question 10

how did the oil crisis contribute to decline in the 1970s-1980s?

Answer 10

caused by arab-israeli war
industries faced more foreign competition

Question 11

how did TNCs contribute to decline in the 1970s-1980s?

Answer 11

british car industry declined due to more foreign competition from TNC espc Japan

Question 12

how did the vehicle industry contribute to decline in the 1970s-1980s?

Answer 12

frequent strikes from management and unions caused a decline in the industry
making birmingham less appealing to foreign investors

Question 13

new tower blocks

Answer 13

400 built
5000 homes destroyed in ww2
1945-1970, 81,000 new dwellings constructed
people unhappy
high drug and crime rates
no sense of community

Question 14

ethnic diversity

Answer 14

53% white
13% pakistani
high immigration rates- birmingham became a cosmopolitan city
38% of population under 24 - youthful

Question 15

local government

Answer 15

attracts inward investment
caused construction of National Exhibition Centre and expansion of Birmingham airport which helps improve international accessibilty

Question 16

city challenge

Answer 16

designed to help places access funding for redevelopment

Question 17

birmingham heartlands redevelopment corporation

Answer 17

established to bring regeneration to old areas such as Nechells

Question 18

neal deals

Answer 18

provided broadband access in parts of inner city
set up work experience programmes to improve employment opportunity

Question 19

EU social investment

Answer 19

£235 million gained from EU due to European and international affairs team who promote Birmingham outside of the UK

Question 20

European regional development fund

Answer 20

money that has gone into projects such as improving insulation in run down social housing and buildings and SMEs

Question 21

SMEs

Answer 21

Small Medium size Enterprises
businesses with fewer than 250 employees

Question 22

planning

Answer 22

meant to act as a catalyst for socio-economic change
eg centenary square and victoria square developed and the surrounding buildings eg 19th century town hall

Question 23

flagship development eg international conventions centre, symphony hall, national indoor area

Answer 23

funded by EU
cultural player bringing about economic change
Barclay card centre attracts national and international conferences and causes multiplier effect

Question 24

birmingham university

Answer 24

student population: 50,000 - 5 universities
makes demographic youthful
institutions bring wealth to area
employ large numbers
students provide goods and services

Question 25

bull ring

Answer 25

redeveloped in 1960s
first major shopping centre in Europe
refurbishment and radical design of Selfridges contributes to the city’s status of being one of the leading retail centres - post modernist architecture

Question 26

canal and river trust

Answer 26

charity set up on 2012 to oversee the canal system and have contributed to the regeneration of locations eg gas street basin
canals are playing a key role in economic revitalisation

Question 27

transport in birmingham

Answer 27

main railway station New Street transformed by £700 million investment

midland Metro links central birmingham to places in the west

HS2 transport development will imapct London - £20 million investment will speed up tracks

HS2 project will include many players

HS2 project will stimulate eocnomic growth

hub of motorway network M1 M4 M40 M42