Bipolar Disorder Flashcards
What is bipolar 1?
“classic picture”
mania with a previous episode of hypomanic or depressive state
At what age does bipolar 1 come on?
25yrs
What is Bipolar 2?
more common
hypomania episode and current or past depressive episode
Which bipolar has mania in it - 1 or 2?
1
What is bipolar 3/pseudounipolar?
hypomanic episodes only occur following the use of antidepressants for depression
What is bipolar 4?
depression arising from hyperthymic treatment
What is the criteria that defines a hypomanic episode?
these symptoms for at least 4 days: at least 3 of: increased activity/physical restlessness increased talkitiveness difficulty concentrating decreased need for sleep increased sexual energy mild spending sprees or other irresponsible behaviour
What is the criteria that defines a manic episode?
these symptoms for at least 1 week: at least 3 of: increased activity/physical restlessness increased talkativness flight of ideas loss of normal social inhibitions decreased need for sleep inflated self esteem or grandiose distractibility reckless behaviour sexual energy/indescretions
What is the life time prevelance of bipolar?
1-4%
When does bipolar usually onset?
late teens/early 20s
family history leads to an earlier onset
What is the common long term treatment of bipolar?
Lithium
What is the mode of action of Lithium?
may block phosphatidylinostol pathway or inhibit glycogen synthase kinase 3B
What is the one trouble with lithium?
no hepatic metabolism as it is an element
lithium and sodium are indistinguishable to the renal tubules therefore if you are dehydrated you retain litium too
What are the signs of lithium toxicity?
ataxia vomiting diarrhoea drowsiness coma convulsions
What are the side effects of lithium?
dry mouth/strange taste polydipsia tremor weight gain nephrogenic diabetes insipidus hypothyroidism
