Antidepressants Flashcards
What properties must antidepressant drugs have to pass the BBB?
hydrophobic or lipophillic
What is the role of MAO inhibitors?
inhibit MAO A and B
What are the two examples of MAO inhibitors?
Phenelzine - irrevesible so not used often
Moclobenide - reversible
What are the side effects of MAO inhibitors?
hypertensive crisis - inhibiting MAO A in the gut prevents the breakdown of tyramine, which is a vasopressor so increases BP
insomnia
postural hypotension
peripheral oedema
What must a patient on Phenelzine change in their diet to avoid a hypertensive crisis?
cannot eat cheese, gravy or yeast
Name some tricyclic antidepressants?
Amytriptyline
Imipramine
Dosulein
Lofepramine
How do tricyclic antidepressants work?
block the reuptake of mono amnines at the PRE synaptic terminals
What are the side effects of tricyclic antidepressants?
anticholinergic side effects: blurred vision, dry mouth, constipation, urinary retention sedation weight gain postural hypotension prolonged QT interval tachycardia arrhythmia cardiotoxic in overdose
What type of antidepressant must you never give to someone with ischaemic heart disease?
tricyclic antidepressant
Name some SSRIs?
Citalopram
Fluoxetine
Escitolopram
Setraline
What is the mode of action of SSRIs?
selectively inhibits serotonin reuptake from the synaptic cleft
What are the side effects of SSRIs?
nausea vomiting sweating vivid reams worsened anxiety sexual dysfunction hyponatreamia in elderly transient increase in self harm/suicide idealation in those <25yrs
What is the mode of action of SNRIs?
inhibit the reuptake of noradrenaline and serotonin into presynaptic terminals
Name two SNRIs?
Venlafaxine
Duloxetine
What is the mode of action of Mirtazapine?
blocks alpha2, 5-HT2 and 5-HT3 receptors
