Alcohol missuse Flashcards
What’re the guidlines for males and females?
14 units a week
What is hazardous drinking for women?
> 14 but <35 units
What is hazardous drinking for men?
> 14 but <50 units
What is hazardous drinking?
pattern of alcohol consumption that has harmful consequences
What is harmful drinking for women?
> 35 units
What is harmful drinking for men?
> 50 units
What is harmful drinking?
pattern of consumption that may cause mental or physical damage
What is the criteria for Alcohol Misuse Disorder?
2 or more of: (occuring within 12 months)
alcohol taken in larger amounts than intended
persistant desire but unsuccessful to cut down on alcohol use
lots of time spent to obtain alcohol
craving or strong desire to use alcohol
alcohol craving distrupting work, home or school
social, occupational or recreational activities reduced due to alcohol
alcohol will be used despite the knowledge that it is dangerous
tolerance
withdrawal
What is a mild Alcohol Misuse Disorder?
2-3 symptoms
What is a moderate Alcohol Misuse Disorder?
4-5 symptoms
What is a severe Alcohol Misuse Disorder?
6 or more symptoms
What is the first screening tool to use for Alcohol Misuse Disorders?
FAST
What is the second screening tool to use for Alcohol Misuse Disorders?
AUDIT
How do alcohol withdrawals present?
tremor sweating nausea retching insomnia, nightmares, agitation and anxiety increased HR, BP, RR hallucinations
When do withdrawal seizures happen?
0-48 hours
When does delerium tremens start to happen?
48-72 hours
What non pharmacological measures can help relapse prevention?
CBT
motivational enhancement therapy
12 step facilitation therapy
What pharmacological treatments should be given AFTER a sucessful withdrawal?
Acamprosate
Naltrexone
Disulfram
What causes an alcohol withdrawal?
decrease in GABA
What is the action of Acamprosate?
action on GABA and Glutamate transmission - connects the neurotransmission imbalane and reduces cravings
What is the action of Naltrexone?
blocks opioid receptors, reduces rewarding effect mediated by endorphin system
What is the action of Disulfiram?
causes increased dopamine transmission to decrease cravings
alcohol and disulfiram = unpleasant reaction
