Bipolar and Related Disorders

Question 1

Manic episode

Answer 1

• lasting at least 1 week
• 3 of the followings:
  1. inflated self-esteem or grandiosity
  2. decreased need for sleep
  3. more talkative than usual or pressure to keep talking
  4. flight of ideas or subjective experience that thoughts are racing
  5. distractibility, as reported or observed
  6. increase in goal-directed activity or psychomotor agitation
  7. excessive involvement in activities that have a high potential for painful consequences
• cause marked impairment or to necessitate hospitalization to prevent harm to self or others

Question 2

Hypomanic episode

Answer 2

• lasting at least 4 days
• 3 of the followings:
  1. inflated self-esteem or grandiosity
  2. decreased need for sleep
  3. more talkative than usual or pressure to keep talking
  4. flight of ideas or subjective experience that thoughts are racing
  5. distractibility, as reported or observed
  6. increase in goal-directed activity or psychomotor agitation
  7. excessive involvement in activities that have a high potential for painful consequences
• not severe enough to cause marked impairment
• hypomania does not have psychotic features

Question 3

Major depressive episode

Answer 3

• lasting at least 2 weeks
• 5 of the followings:
  1. depressed mood most of the day
  2. markedly diminished interest or pleasure in all
  3. significant weight loss or gain
  4. insomnia or hypersomnia
  5. psychomotor agitation or retardation
  6. fatigue or loss of energy
  7. feelings of worthlessness or excessive or inappropriate guilt
  8. diminished ability to think or concentrate, or indecisiveness
  9. recurrent thoughts of death

Question 4

Bipolar I Disorder

Answer 4

• manic episode needs to happen

- not as common as Bipolar II

Question 5

Bipolar II Disorder

Answer 5

• at least one hypomanic episode and at least one MDE

- there has NEVER been a manic episode

Question 6

Cyclothymic Disorder

Answer 6

• can be considered a less severe form but is much more enduring and pervasive
• individuals experience at least two years and children one year
• criteria for a manic, hypomanic, and MDE have never been met
• symptoms cause clinically significant distress or impairment