biopsychology: ultradian + infradian rhythms Flashcards

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1
Q

circadian?

A

cycle of 24hrs

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2
Q

ultradian?

A

rhythm shorter than a day

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3
Q

infradian?

A

longer than 24 hrs

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4
Q

ultradian: sleep cycle?

A

cycle lasts 90mins, so 5 cycles a night, 5 stages

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5
Q

ultradian: sleep stage 1+2?

A

reduction in alpha waves, heart rate slows + muscles relax

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6
Q

ultradian: sleep stage 3+4?

A

increasingly deeper sleep, delta waves increase, muscle+bone regrowth occurs, temp + blood at lowest (nREM)

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7
Q

ultradian: sleep stage 5?

A

REM, brain waves speed up + dreaming occurs

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8
Q

ultradian: sleep scans show?

A

EEG shows brain activity speeds up- resembles awake brain. EMG shows lack of muscle tone- temporary paralysis, heart rate + blood pressure fluctuates, breathing alters, REM during sleep is highly correlated to dreaming

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9
Q

ultradian: support REM in dreams: dement?

A

EEG pts at different sleep stages reported feelings + emotions. REM finding: dreams 80-90% time, nREM: only 7% dreaming

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10
Q

how does dement support?

A

stage 5 correlates to dreaming

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11
Q

ultradian: support restoration + repair stages: oswald + shapiro?

A

oswald, REM + neural repair: pts recovering from brain trauma spent more time in REM sleep. shapiro, nREM, physiological repair: runners sleep longer + more time in nREM after running marathon

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12
Q

what does oswald + shapiro suggest?

A

2 stages are distinct, brain goes through set of stages

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13
Q

ultradian: lacks ecological validity?

A

pts must be subjected to specific level of control and be attached to monitors that measure rhythms- invasive- doesn’t represent their ususal way of sleeping- studying this is difficult and could lead to false conclusions

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14
Q

infradian: menstrual cycle?

A

28 day cycle, ovulation half way, when oestrogen peaks, then progesterone levels rise for possible implantation, if pregnancy doesn’t occur egg is absorbed into body and womb lining comes away and leaves body. endogenous system but reseach suggests could be exogenous cues.

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15
Q

infradian: mcclintock?

A

29 women, irregular periods, pheromone samples from 9 at different cycle stages by putting cotton wool under armpit for 8 hours- frozen and rubbed on lip of participants. 68% women experienced cycle bringing them closer to odour donor

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16
Q

infradian: what does mcclintock highlight?

A

EP is the hormones and EZ are external cues

17
Q

infradian: issue with mcclintock?

A

confounding variable- stress, diet, exercise, sample size too small

18
Q

infradian: support infradian rhythms + role on behaviour? penton-volk

A

found women expressed a preference for feminised faces at least fertile stage and more masculine faces at most fertile- indicate womens sexual behaviour motivated by infradian rhythms