biopsychology: nervous system + hormones Flashcards
what are the divisions of the nervous system?
peripheral + central
peripheral nervous system?
transmits information to and from the cns
central nervous system?
concerned with all life functions and psychological processes
what are the divisions of the peripheral?
somatic + autonomic
what are the divisions of the cns?
spinal cord + brain
somatic nervous system?
transmits information to and from senses + to and from cns.
external,
uses sensory + motor neurons,
conscious
autonomic nervous system?
transmits information to and from organs to sustain life processes.
internal,
motor neurons,
non conscious,
what are the divisions of autonomic?
sympathetic and parasympathetic
sympathetic nervous system?
generally increases bodily activities, fight or flight
parasympathetic nervous system?
generally maintains or decreases bodily activities, rest and digest
the brain?
control centre, made up of lobes + hemispheres, in charge of thinking
the spinal cord?
carries messages + reflex actions, nerve fibres connect all over body
sensory neurons?
electrical impulses from receptors to the cns ( sausage + egg )
relay neurons?
electrical impulses between sensory + motor ( egg )
motor neurons?
electrical impulses from the cns to effectors ( sausage )
what is the stimulus + response sequence?
stimulus > receptors > cns > sensory > relay > motor > effectors > response
how does the synapse work?
electrical impulses travels from axon to pre synaptic knob > which stimulates vesicles to move to gap > n.t diffuse across gap > n.t bind to specific receptor on post synaptic knob > n.t stimulate post synaptic knob or make axon fire
how does summation work for excitatory?
excitatory n.t cause an electrical change in membrane of cells which results in excitatory postsynaptic potential (epsp).
they put Na+ into the post synapse (depolarisation)
how does summation work for inhibitory?
inhibitory n.t cause an electrical change in the membrane of the cell which results in inhibitory postsynaptic potential.
this makes post synapse more negative, K+ leaves the synapse (hyperpolarise)
what is the result of summation?
if excitatory the cell fires, it inhibitory it doesn’t fire.
(EPSP - IPSP = + (fires) - (not fire))
what is the endocrine system?
network of glands that manufacture and secrete chemical messengers + hormones using blood vessels to transfer messages to target sites
what does the endocrine system control?
growth, sexual development, how the body uses and stores energy, illness
what is the endocrine system controlled by?
the hypothalamus
pituitary gland?
the gland works on feedback from the body, it releases growth hormones into the blood to cause physiological changes, also releases ACTH to adrenal cortex when stressed to make cortisol, stores oxytocin in hypothalmus to release when giving birth
