Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Yr1-Psy1-Biopsychology > Biopsy 6 > Flashcards

Biopsy 6 Flashcards

1
Q

During depolarisation, does the receptor move right or left?

A

Right

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

During hyperpolarisation, does the receptor move right or left?

A

Left

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

During depolarisation, does the nerve impulse frequency increase or decrease?

A

Increase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

During hyperpolarisation, does the nerve impulse frequency increase or decrease?

A

Decrease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Is sound wave chemical or physical stimulus?

A

Physical

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is sound wave?

A
  • changes in air pressure
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What caused sound wave?

A
  • vibrating air molecules
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Sound cannot be perceived unless what have been done?

A

Convert the sound wave into electrical signals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

State the 2 basic features in Sound Wave.

A

Frequency (pitch)

Amplitude (loudness)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is Frequency ?

A

Air molecules vibration rate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Slow vibration generate __“low/high?”__ Frequency = __?__ Pitch
Fast vibration generate ?

A

Slow vibration —> low frequency = low pitch

Fast vibration —> high frequency = high pitch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is Amplitude ?

A

Number of vibrating air molecules.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

High amplitude means loud or soft sound?

A

Loud

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What increases makes sound louder?

A

Increased no. of air molecules —> increases sound energy in sound wave —> Louder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are sounds?

A

Mixture of frequencies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What determine sound’s complexity?

A

Mixture of frequencies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Why language and music differ from other auditory inputs?

A

They convey meanings

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Which system is better at processing speech and music?

A

Auditory system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Which part of the ear collect and amplifies sound wave?

A

outer ear (pinna)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Human speech = Sound wave at __?__Hz are selectively amplified

A

3000Hz

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Which part of the ear converts mechanical vibrations into electrical signals?

A

Inner ear (cochlea)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is filled in the inner ear?

A

fluid

fluid filled inner ear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Use of middle ear (ear drum) ?

A

transmits sound energy mechanically to the inner ear (cochlea)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Use of inner ear (cochlea)?

A

converts mechanical vibrations into electrical signals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Is the sound energy/vibration chemical, mechanical or physical?

A

Mechanical

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What are located next to the basilar membrane?

A

Auditory receptor neurons in cochlea

27
Q

Which neurons are used to convert sound into electrical signals & where is its location?

A

Auditory receptor neurons in cochlea next to the basilar membrane

28
Q

Do different parts of the basilar membrane vibrate at different or the same frequencies of sound?

A

Different parts of basilar membrane vibrate at DIFFERENT frequencies of sound.

29
Q

Describe how do receptor neurons in basilar membrane respond ?

A

Receptor neurons on different part of the basilar membrane respond to different frequencies of sound & form a tonotopic map

30
Q

Which part of the basilar membrane is tuned for high frequency?

A

Narrow, thick base

31
Q

Which part of the basilar membrane is tuned for low frequency?

A

Wide, thin apex

32
Q

Which frequency of sound wave causes peak bending of the basilar membrane?

A

Medium frequency of sound wave

33
Q

Which part of the basilar membrane is tuned for low frequency?

A

Wide, thin apex

34
Q

Which frequency of sound wave causes peak bending of the basilar membrane?

A

Medium frequency of sound wave

35
Q

What is attached to the basilar membrane of the cochlea and vibrate when appropriate frequency is heard?

A

hairs of auditory receptor cells/hair cells

36
Q

State another way that lead to hearing loss.

A

Extreme loud noise —> upturing of the eardrum

37
Q

Consequences of damage to the hairs of auditory receptor cells/hair cells & explain how?

A
  • Hearing loss

- Repeated exposure to loud noise —> receptor neurons are pulled off

38
Q

Amplitude(loudness) is denoted by frequency of __?__

A

action potential

39
Q

Where are the signals being relayed to after arriving the brainstem from cochlea?

A

midbrain, thalamus, cerebral cortex

40
Q

Signals from one ear are processed in both, same or opposie hemisphere(s)?

A

Both hemispheres

41
Q

Does the same or opposite hemisphere receives preferential input?

A

Opposite hemisphere

42
Q

Audible spectrum for human in Hz?

A

20 - 20,000 Hz

43
Q

Smaller animals can detect lower or higher frequecies of sound? & Why?

A

Smaller animals can detect HIGHER frequency because they have a smaller cochlea which resonate better at higher frequencies.

44
Q

What result to localization?

A

Integrating information from 2 ears

45
Q

Sound originate from the Left side of the body is louder in the Left. Why?

A

reach the left ear first, then the right

—> but perceive as one single sound

46
Q

Where are the location of the neurons that detect the differences of louder/softer sounds in one ear?

A

brainstem & midbrain

47
Q

Which neurons are arranged in a tonotopicmap?

A

neurons in primary auditory cortex

48
Q

Why are neurons in primary auditory cortex arranged in a tonotopicmap?

A

To respond to different frequencies of sound.
ie. neurons respond to high frequency tone are grouped together;
those respond to low frequency tone are grouped together

49
Q

Which part connect Wernicke’s area and Broca’s area?

A

Arcuate fasciculus

50
Q

Which area contains sound images of words?

A

Wernicke’s area

51
Q

Which area stores motor programmes for speaking words?

A

Broca’s area

52
Q

Describe the process of speech comprehension.

A

Spoken words —> A1 —> Wernicke’s area —> Comprehend word heard

53
Q

Describe the process of speech production.

A

Thought —> Wernicke’s area —> Broca’s area —> facial area of motor cortex —> cranial nerves —> Speak

54
Q

What is Aphasia?

A

Inability to understand or produce language due to damage to language regions of the brain.

55
Q

What is Wernicke’s aphasia?

A

Inability to understand or produce meaningful language

56
Q

What is Broca’s aphasia?

A

Inability to speak fluently

But with normal comprehension

57
Q

Language initially develops in which hemisphere?

A

Both hemisphere

58
Q

95% of people’s language development shifts from both hemispheres to which hemisphere by the age of 5?

A

Left hemisphere

59
Q

Suggest a reason responsible to sluttering.

A

Competition for dominance between left and right hemispheres due to disturbance to lateralisation of function

60
Q

Role of right hemisphere.

A
  • understanding the emotional content in language

- process music

61
Q

Reading & writing involves more than just the language area. State those other areas that are involved.

A
  • visual cortex —> take info from the page

- motor cortex —> activates muscles for writing

62
Q

How is dyslexia formed?

A

Blockage or Disruption between areas that are involved in reading and writing
(Ie. Language area, visual cortex, motor cortex)

63
Q

What are taught after children learn to speak? Why?

A

Read & write

- It is a recent development in evolutionary due to no specific brain system for reading & writing

Yr1-Psy1-Biopsychology (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions