Biopsy 4

Question 1

Nervous system can be divided into __?__ & __?__

Answer 1

CNS - Central nervous system

PNS - Peripheral nervous system

Question 2

CNS refers to ?

Answer 2

Brain

Spinal cord

Question 3

PNS consists of ?

Answer 3

Somatic nervous system

ANS - Autonomic nervous system

Question 4

What does Somatic nervous system control?

Answer 4

Skeleton, skin, etc…

Question 5

What does ANS consists of?

Answer 5

Sympathetic division

Parasympathetic division

Question 6

Use of Sympathetic division in ANS.

Answer 6

Excitatory

Fight or flight response

Question 7

Use of Parasympathetic division in ANS.

Answer 7

Calm

Rest & digest

Question 8

Which system is responsible for ‘fight or flight response’ ?

Answer 8

Sympathetic division in ANS

Question 9

What are visible in the skull?

Answer 9

gyri & sulci

Question 10

What acts as the cushion between the brain and skull?

Answer 10

CSF - Cerebrospinal fluid

Question 11

What is the basis of the assumption that different regions of the brain are involved in different functions?

Answer 11

Variations in thickness, cell density, complexity and number of neurons in the cerebral cortex.

Question 12

Name the 4 lobes & their functions in the 2 cerebral hemispheres.

Answer 12

• Occipital lobe: visual processing
• Parietal lobe: touch, balance, movement
• Temporal lobe: hearing, speech comprehension, memory, visual recognition
• Frontal lobe: ovement, thinking, planning

Question 13

Use of Basal ganglia.

Answer 13

Control voluntary movement

Question 14

Use of Limbic system.

Answer 14

• navigation in space
• memory formation
• emotional control

Question 15

Brainstem includes?

Answer 15

Hindbrain
Midbrain
Diencephalon

Question 16

What does Hindbrain include?

Answer 16

cerebellum

Question 17

What does Diencephalon include?

Answer 17

thalamus,
hypothalamus,
pituitary

Question 18

• Nerves in brainstem run up from —?— to —?__.

- Various cells in brainstem control ______.

Answer 18

• body to brain

- control brain‘s general alertness & regulate processes, e.g. breathing, blood pressure and heartbeat

Question 19

Cranial nerves are part of the ___ nervous system.

Answer 19

somatic

Question 20

Use of cranial nerves & give Example.

Answer 20

• allow brain to communicate with muscles and sense organs in the head & neck
• e.g. optic nerves —> visual

Question 21

Nerves of spinal cord are part of __?__ nervous system.

Answer 21

somatic

Question 22

Brain communicates with the body via __?__ & __?__

Answer 22

spinal cord

cranial nerves

Question 23

How is touch and pain relayed to the brain and result to movement?

Answer 23

sensory info is sent to the brain via spinal cord —> brain processes —> send motor commands to muscles via spinal cord —> movement

Question 24

Nerve fibres leave the spinal cord through __?__

Answer 24

vertebrae

Question 25

What neurotransmitters are released from Sympathetic nervous system?

• pre-gang:
• post-gang:

Answer 25

• pre-gang: Acetylcholine (ACh)

- post-gang: Noradrenaline

Question 26

What neurotransmitters are released from parasympathetic nervous system?

• pre-gang:
• post-gang:

Answer 26

• pre-gang: ACh

- post-gang: ACh

Question 27

Anterior = ?

Answer 27

Front

Question 28

Medial = ?

Answer 28

Middle

Question 29

Lateral = ?

Answer 29

Side

Question 30

Ventral = ?

Answer 30

Below

Question 31

Dorsal = ?

Answer 31

Above

Question 32

Posterior = ?

Answer 32

Near/toward the tail

Question 33

Frontal = ?

Answer 33

Front

Question 34

Inferior=?

Answer 34

Below

Question 35

Superior=?

Answer 35

Above