biopaychology pt 2

Question 1

hindbrain

Answer 1

located at the skull’s rear, the lowest portion of the brain

Controls basics to keep us alive

Question 2

cerebellum

Answer 2

–“the little brain” motor coordination
–Helps maintain balance and posture and voluntary movement
–50% of the brain’s neurons

Question 3

Medulla Oblongata

Answer 3

begins where the spinal cord enters the skull

Controls vital functions like blood pressure, breathing and heart rate

Can’t live without it

Question 4

Pons

Answer 4

sleeping and Dreaming

Question 5

Brain stem

Answer 5

stem-like brain area that includes much of the hindbrain and the midbrain (medulla and pons)

Question 6

Midbrain

Answer 6

located between the hindbrain and forebrain, in an area in which many nerve-fiber systems ascend and descend to connect the higher and lower portions of the brain

Question 7

Reticular formation

Answer 7

arousal- responsible for regulating wakefulness and sleep-wake transitions

Question 8

forebrain

Answer 8

the part of the brain that develops from the anterior section of the neural tube in the embryo, containing the cerebrum and the diencephalon.

Question 9

Cerebrum

Answer 9

the whole top part of the brain

Question 10

Cerebral cortex

Answer 10

the outer layer of the brain responsible for complex mental functions

Question 11

Thalamus

Answer 11

-directs messages to the sensory receiving areas in the cortex and transmits replies to the cerebellum and medulla
-final switching station for most incoming sensory info

Question 12

Hypothalamus

Answer 12

control of hunger, thirst, temperature and other visceral bodily functions

Question 13

Limbic system

Answer 13

Associated with memory and emotion

Question 14

Amygdala

Answer 14

–an almond-shaped structure located inside the brain toward the base
–Emotion (fear)
–Discrimination of objects that are necessary for survival

Question 15

Hippocampus

Answer 15

a special role in the storage of memories
Recall

Question 16

Basal Ganglia

Answer 16

–Large neuron clusters located above the thalamus and under the cerebral cortex
–Work with the cerebellum and the cerebral cortex to control and coordinate voluntary movements

Question 17

Corpus callosum

Answer 17

the large bundle of axons that connects the brain’s two hemispheres

Question 18

motor cortex

Answer 18

An area at the rear of the frontal lobes that controls voluntary movement

Question 19

sensory cortex

Answer 19

The area at the front of the parietal lobes that registers and processes touch and body sensations

Question 20

lesion

Answer 20

abnormal disruption in the tissue of the brain resulting from injury or disease

Question 21

aphasia

Answer 21

Impairment of language

Question 22

Broca’s area

Answer 22

Left hemisphere damage- impairs speaking

Question 23

Wernickes area

Answer 23

–impairs understanding
–Speak in meaningless words with no comprehension

Question 24

Endocrine system

Answer 24

–Controlled by the hypothalamus
–The body’s “slow” chemical communication system a set of glands that regulate the activities of certain organs by secreting hormones into the blood stream.

Question 25

hormones

Answer 25

chemical messengers produced by glands

Question 26

Pituitary gland

Answer 26

pea-sized gland just beneath the hypothalamus
Controls growth and regulates other glands
Called the master gland

Question 27

Adrenal gland

Answer 27

–located at the top of each kidney
–Regulates moods, energy level, and ability to cope with stress
–Epinephrine (adrenaline) and Norepinephrine (noradrenaline) secreted