BIOMED 10/22a CT Histology Lab Flashcards
what kind of tissue is seen around blood vessels?
loose CT
-increased ground substance and space for things to travel
what type of fibers comprise dense regular CT?
type I collagen
bundled in a parallel arrangement
what is the purpose of the arrangement of parallel collagen fibers in dense regular CT?
allows for increased tensile strength
where do you see dense regular CT
tendon
ligaments
aponeurosis
fascia
what is the purpose of fibroblasts in dense regular CT?
- Function: produce ground substance and various different fibers
- Arrangement promotes: communication
how do you differentiate between type I and type II collagen?
type I is arranged in parallel, type II is not as orderly
what does the fiber arrangement of type II collagen tell you?
it allows its shape to be changed based on compressive stress and allows for recoil
where is type II collagen found?
ligaments and hyaline and elastic cartilage
how do you know what dense irregular connective tissue looks like?
cooked fettuccine in red sauce
what is dense irregular CT packed with?
collagen and elastic fibers(not readily seen)
what kind of forces does dense irregular CT take?
able to withstand forces in multiple directions
where is dense irregular CT found?
dermis of skin, bursae, sheaths around tendons
what does Loose CT look like?
it has big bubbles aka adipose in it and a lot of lymphocytes
what characteristics in loose CT help you ID the CT type?
Sparse fibers, increased cells and ground substance, adipose tissue, and blood vessels
what type of collagen can readily be seen in loose CT?
type II collagen
what do you know exists in loose CT but can’t readily be seen?
Reticular and elastic fibers are there, but not readily seen with stains
Promote flexibility and recoil of the tissue
what are the abundant purple cells found in loose CT?
Purple cells are lymphocytes - inflammatory, immune response
what are some primary functions of loose CT?
Shock absorber
Allow space to go through
how do you know what elastic fibers look like?
unstretched = uncooked rame stretched = cooked stretched out ramen
where are elastic fibers found?
Lungs and skin, also ligaments need to respond to changes in pressure
how do you know when there could be pathology in a tissue?
- increased ground substance aka swelling
- open BV promoting healing and inflammatory response
- lymphocytes and machrophages appearance increases
what changes with pathology in tendinopathy?
• Stiffness and modulus decreases • Increased strain • Decreased stress • Loss of normal parallel collagen bundle appearance
what is favorable in patients with patellar tendinopathy
CORT - not favorable for long term pain (exer + CORT)
Physical performance, not measured BUT beneficial for short term improvements
what is the significance of exercise dose and physical stress theory?
don’t want to over do exercise dose to the point of re-injury
but want to progressively keep increasing so that we are moving beyond current limits
what is the difference between pathologic tissue and healthy knees?
Pathologic has lower force creation ability and stiffness than healthy tissue
why are collagen levels increased in some injuries?
in the early stages of healing - remodeling phase
what happens in injury?
Decreased collagen in the affected knee - related to PST: less stiffness, so threshold would be lower Stiffness is lower Deformation is increased Load capability is decreased Loss of parallel arrangement
what were the effects of cortisone shots for knee pain?
less results because treating symptoms and not the actually issue, not applying appropriate load to the tissues, degradation overcomes production when you’re not getting stress to the tissues (no stress has negative effects)
does tendon thickness relate to having better mechanical properties?
NO - tendon may be thicker, but if fibers are not aligned in parallel then mechanical properties are not as good
what happened to tendon thickness with cortisone shots?
decreased
what constructs do VISA-P and VAS measure in ICF?
VISA P = participation in activities
VAS = body structure and function/impairment measurement
