Biomechanics Flashcards
Biomechanics definition
the study of the mechanics of human movement
Role of Biomechanics
- analysis of human movement
- analysis of forces in physical activities
- determine how injuries occur/injury prevention and rehabilitation
- design and development of sporting equipment
Force definition
any pushing or pulling activity that tends to alter the state of motion of a body
External forces
- gravity
- air resistance
- water resistance
Internal forces
-muscles and tendons
Force equation
force = mass x acceleration
Friction
opposes he motion of two surfaces that are in contact with each other
Drag force
when an object moves through the air or water, causes by the collision of particles with the object
Gravitational force
attraction between two objects
Weight force
effect of gravitational force acting on an object
Weight equation
weight = mass x gravity
Inertia
tendency of a body to resist a change in its state of motion
Momentum
measure of the amount of motion an object has and it resistance to changing that motion
Momentum equation
momentum = mass x velocity
Conservation of momentum
total momentum of the system before the collision is equal to the total momentum after the collision
Summation of momentum
lager, slower moving body segments, transferred to the small, lighter moving body segments and then transferred to object to be released at a high velocity
Angular motion
any movement where rotations occurs around an axis
Angular velocity
the speed of the angular motion
Newton’s 1st law of Angular Motion
the angular momentum of a body remains constant unless acted upon by an external torque
Newton’s 2nd law of Angular Motion
a torque applied to an object will produce a change in angular motion in the direction of the applied torque that is directly proportional to the moment of inertia of the object
Newton’s 3rd law of Angular Motion
for every torque, there is an equal and opposite torque
Moment of Inertia
higher moment of inertia means you spin slower
Torque
turning effect caused by applying an eccentric force
Moment of Inertia equation
mass x radius ^2
Torque equation
force x lever arm of force
Impulse
equal to the change in momentum of an object
greater and/or longer the force is applied the greater the impulse
Impulse equation
force x time
Newton’s 1st law of Motion
a body will remain in motion or at rest unless acted upon by an external force
Newton’s 2nd law of Motion
a force applied to an object will produce a change in motion in the direction of the applied fore that is directly proportional to the size of the force
Newton’s 3rd Law of Motion
for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction