Biomechanics Flashcards
Biomechanics
The study of human movement and effect or force and motion
Newton’s second law
‘A body rate of change in momentum is proportional to the size of the force applied and acts in the same direction as the force applied
Inertia
The resistance of a body to change its state of motion, whether at rest or moving
Velocity
The rate of change in displacement
Apply Newton’s second law
Greater the force applied by the sprinter the greater the rate of change in momentum therefore acceleration away from the blocks
Velocity eq
Displacement / time taken
Momentum
The quantity of motion possessed by a moving body
Momentum eq
Mass x velocity
Acceleration eq
(Final velocity- initial velocity) / time taken
Acceleration
The rate of change in velocity
5 effects of force
- Force can create motion
- Force can accelerate a body
- Force can decelerate a body
4.force can alter direction of body e.g goalie applying force with gloves to ball - Force can alter a shape of ba body e.g net changes shape
Net force
All forces are considered to see overall motion of body
Weight
Gravitational pull the earth exerts on a body
Weight eq
Mass x acc due to gravity
Factors that’s affect friction
Roughness of the ground surface- increased roughness increased friction
Roughness of contact surface- e.g spikes
Temperature- rise in temp= rise in friction
Size of normal reaction
AR
Force that opposes the motion of the body travelling through the air
Limb kinematics
Study of movement in relation to time and space.
Adv of limb kinematics
Data is immediate
Accurate
Can be used by coaches to adjust technique and improve performance
Dis adv of limb kinematics
Markers don’t cater for individual differences
Highly specialised
Expensive
Labatory conditions
Force plates
Measures ground reaction force, the size and direction of force
Adv of force plates
Immediate
Accurate
Reliable results
Can analyse performance and health
Dis adv of force plates
Expensive
Lab conditions
People may adapt the way they run or jump (not realistic)
Wind tunnels
Object is places in wind tunnel and measures the forces produced by the air against the surface
Adv of wind tunnel
Can manipulate conditions
Measure air resistance
Precise
Dis adv of wind tunnel
Expensive
Specialised facilities
Requires complex analysis by professionals
