Biology Vocab

Question 1

Enzyme

Answer 1

A macro molecule, usually a protein, that serves as a biological catalyst, changing the rate of a chemical reaction without being consumed by the reaction

Question 2

Substrate

Answer 2

a specific substance (reactant) on which an enzyme acts

Question 3

Active Site

Answer 3

the part of an enzyme where a substrate molecule attaches; typically, a pocket or groove on the enzyme’s surface

Question 4

Induced Fit

Answer 4

the change in shape of the active site of an enzyme, caused by entry of the substrate so that it binds the substrate snugly

Question 5

Denaturation

Answer 5

a process in which a protein loses its specific structure and function, can be caused by changes in pH, salt concentration, or by high temperature

Question 6

ATP

Answer 6

Adenosine triphosphate, the main energy source for cells. It releases energy when its phosphate bonds are hydrolyzed

Question 7

Photosynthesis

Answer 7

the process by which plants, algae, and some protists and prokaryotes convert light energy to chemical energy that is stored in sugars made from Carbon Dioxide and Water

Question 8

Cellular Respiration

Answer 8

the aerobic harvesting of energy from food molecules; the energy-releasing chemical breakdown of food molecules, such as glucose, and the storage of potential energy in a form that cells use to perform works