Biology Sat II Kingdoms Flashcards
Bacteria
Domain made up of prokaryotes and includes harmful disease-causing bacteria (like E. Coli) to the beneficial bacteria used to make yogurt and cheese.
No
Do Domain Bacteria have a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles?
Yes
Do Domain Bacteria have ribosomes?
Circular
What type of DNA genome do Domain Bacteria have?
Eubacteria
What is Domain Bacteria’s one kingdom?
Cyanobacteria
Phylum known as blue-green algae, in the Eubacteria Kingdom and Domain Bacteria. They contain chlorophyll and can photosynthesize.
Blue-green algae
Cyanobacteria are known as _____________ in the Eubacteria Kingdom and Domain Bacteria. They contain chlorophyll and can photosynthesize.
Yes; yes
Do cyanobacteria contain chlorophyll? Can they photosynthesize?
Both lack a nucleus, organelles, and a circular DNA genome
What features do Domain Archaea and Bacteria have in common? (3)
No, no
Do Domain Archaea have a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles?
Yes (multiple types of RNA polymerase and methionine as the initiator amino acid)
Do Domain Archaea share features in common with eukaryotes? If so, what?
Extremophiles
Type of Domain Archaea that can survive in extremely harsh environments that most other organisms could not tolerate.
Bacteria
What domain do cyanobacteria belong to?
Extreme thermophiles, extreme halophiles, methanogens
What are the three types of extremophiles? (in Domain Archaea)
Extreme halophiles
Type of extremophile that live in extremely salty conditions.
Salty
What type of conditions do extreme halophiles live in?
Extreme thermophiles
Type of extremophile that live in extremely hot conditions.
Hot
What type of conditions do extreme thermophiles live in?
Methanogens
Type of extremophile that are extreme anaerobes that release methane gas as a waste product.
Anaerobes, methane gas
Methanogens are a type of extremophile that are extreme _________ that release ___________ as a waste product.
Archaea
Domain that shares things in common with Domain Bacteria as well as eukaryotes.
Eukarya
This domain is made up of eukaryotes that contain nuclei, membrane-bound organelles, and linear DNA.
Linear
What type of DNA do organisms in Domain Eukarya have?
Most are unicellular, some multi
Are protists unicellular or multicellular?
Algae
What kind of protist is multicellullar?
Protozoa
Animal-like protists
Algae
Plant-like protists
No
Are blue-green algae protists?6
Amoebas (phylum rhizopoda)
Unicellular protists that move using pseudopodia. Found in soils, freshwater, and marine environments. Some are parasitic.
Pseudopodia
How do those in phylum rhizopoda (amoebas) move?
Unicellular
Are those in phylum rhizopoda (amoebas) unicellular or multicellular?
Yes
Can amoebas be parasitic?
Malaria
Disease caused by the parasite plasmodium
Sporozoans (phylum apicomplexa)
Animal-like parasitic protists.Some cause serious human diseases such as malaria.
Both; 2 or more
Do sporozoans require life cycles with sexual or asexual stages? How many hosts?
Ciliate (protist)
What type of organism is a paramecium? (phylum/kingdom)
Ciliates
Type of protist characterized by their use of cilia for movement and feeding.
Slime molds (Phyla Myxomycota and Acrasiomycota)
Protists that resemble an overgrown amoeba. Contain many nuclei.
Euglena
Unicellular, photosynthetic algae. Move with a flagellum.
Flagellum
How do euglena move?
Yes
Are euglena photosynthetic?
Plants
Names ending in -phyta refer to _______.
Fungi
Names ending in -mycota refer to _______.
Euglena
Unicellular, photosynthetic algae. Move with a flagellum.
Flagellum
How do euglena move?
Yes
Are euglena photosynthetic?
TRUE
True or false: Euglena are algae.
Unicellular
Are euglena unicellular or multicellular?
Diatoms (Phylum Bacilariophyta)
Unicellular protists with unique glasslike walls. Live both in freshwater and marine environments. These walls remain behind when the organism dies and form sediments known as diatomaceous earth (useful as a filtering medium) Make up an important part of the marine food chain and are important producers in phytoplankton.
Produce unique glasslike walls (form diatomaceous earth for a filtering medium), part of marine food chain, important producers in phytoplankton
How are diatoms useful? (3)
Unique glasslike walls
What do diatoms form?
Brown Algae (Phylum phaeophyta)
Protists commonly known as seaweeds. Largest and most complex of plant-like protists. Multicellular and live in marine environments.
Seaweeds
What are brown algae commonly known as?
Multicellular
Are brown algae unicellular or multicellular?
Division
Another word for “phylum”
Nonvascular and vascular
Two categories plants are grouped into based on how they transport water
Seedless and seed plants
What are the two categories of vascular plants?
Nonflowering (gymnosperm), flowering (angiosperm)
What are the two categories of vascular seed plants?
Gymnosperm
Nonflowering seed plants
Angiosperm
Flowering seed plants
Yes, yes
Do gymnosperms have seeds? Angiosperms?
Nonvascular
Are bryophytes vascular or nonvascular?
Plants
Divisions (instead of phylum) are associated with which kingdom?
Bryophytes
What division of plants do mosses, liverworts, and hornworts fall under?
Bryophytes (non vascular)
Division of plants that lacks xylem and phloem.
No
Do bryophytes have xylem and phloem?
Bryophytes; lack vascular tissue
Tracheophytes/bryophytes group of plants must live in damp conditions where water is abundant. Why?