BIOLOGY chapter 1,6,7

Question 1

movement

Answer 1

an action by a organism or part of a organism causing a change in postion or place

Question 2

what are the seven things something needs to have to be considered living

Answer 2

movement, Reproduction, Sensitivity, Growth, respiration,excretion, and nutrition

Question 3

resperation

Answer 3

the chemical reactions in cells that break down nutrient molecules and realease energy for metabolism

Question 4

sensitivity

Answer 4

the ability to detect and respond to changes in the internal and external enviorment

Question 5

metabolism

Answer 5

the chemical reactions that take place in living organsims

Question 6

common ancestor

Answer 6

a species that lived in the past, and is thought to have given rise to several different species that are alive today

Question 7

species

Answer 7

a group of organisms that can reproduce to produce fertile offspring

Question 8

binomial system

Answer 8

a sytem of naming species that in which a name is made up of the genus and the species

Question 9

genus

Answer 9

a group of species that share similar features and a common ancestor

Question 10

what is the first name in the binomial system

Answer 10

the genus

Question 11

what is the second name in the binomial system

Answer 11

the species

Question 12

what is a kingdom

Answer 12

one of the major groups wich all organisms are classified

Question 13

what are 2 key all of the animal kingdom does

Answer 13

1 Their cells have a nucleus, but not cell walls or chloroplast, 2 they feed organic substances made from other living organisms

Question 14

name 3 things all of the plant kingdom has

Answer 14

1 their cells have a nucleus and cell walls made of cellulose and often contain chloroplasts, 2 they feed by photosynthesis, 3 they MAY have roots stems, and leaves(does not apply for all!!)

Question 15

what is organic substance

Answer 15

something that contains carbon

Question 16

what is a fungus

Answer 16

an organism whose cells have cell walls but don’t do photosynthesis

Question 17

4 characteristics of fungi

Answer 17

1 mostly multicellular but some are unicellular,2 have nuclei and cell walls but the cell walls aren’t made of cellouse,3 they do not have chlorophyll,4 they feed by digesting waste organic material and absorbing it into their cells

Question 18

characteristic of the protoctists kingdom

Answer 18

1they are multicellular or unicellular,2 Their cells have a nucleus and may or may not have a cell wall and chloroplasts 3 some feed by photosynthesis and others feed on organic substances made by other organisms.

Question 19

name 6 characteristics of the prokaryote kingdom

Answer 19

1they are usually unicelluar,2 they have no nucleus,3 they have cell walls not made of cellouse,4 they have no mitochondria,5 they have a circular loop of DNA wich is free in the cytoplasm,6 they often have plasmids

Question 20

what kingdom does bacteria belong to

Answer 20

THe prokaroyte kingodm

Question 21

name key charecteristic of fish

Answer 21

1 they have gills their entire life,2 they are scaly vertibrates, 3 their eggs have no shells and are laid in water

Question 22

name charecteristics of amphibians

Answer 22

1the tadpoles live in water but adults often live on land,
2 the tadpoles have gills but the adults have lungs

Question 23

2 characteristics of reptiles

Answer 23

1they are vertibrates with scaly skin,
2 they lay eggs with soft shells

Question 24

name charecteristics of bird

Answer 24

1 lay eggs with hard shells
2 they have feathers
3they have wings
4they have a beak

Question 25

name charecteristics of mamals

Answer 25

1 their young develop in a uterus attached with a placenta 2 femals prouduce milk 3 they have a ear flap 4they have sweat glands 5 they have a diafram

Question 26

what is a arthropod

Answer 26

a animal with jointed legs but no backbone

Question 27

name the 4 types of arthropods

Answer 27

crustancions, aracnids, myriapods and incects

Question 28

why do plants need nitrogen

Answer 28

to make amino acids and then proteins

Question 29

why do plants need magnesium

Answer 29

to make cholorphyll

Question 30

what happens in the palisade mesophyll

Answer 30

most of the photosynthisis

Question 31

what is the equation for photosynthis

Answer 31

6CO2+ 6H20= sunlight+chlorophyll=C6 H12 O6+6O2

Question 32

what is a balanced diet

Answer 32

a diet that contains all of the required nutrients

Question 33

what are carbohydrates needed for in humans

Answer 33

for energy

Question 34

what are fats and oils needed for in humans

Answer 34

for energy and to make cell membranes. Also acts as insulator ,protects organs

Question 35

what are proteins needed for in humans

Answer 35

needed for new cells for insulin antibodies

Question 36

what is vitamin C needed for in humans

Answer 36

to make collagen which keeps tissues in good repair

Question 37

what is vitamin D needed for in humans

Answer 37

helps calcium be absorbed (bones and teeth)

Question 38

what diesase do you get if you dont have enough vitamin C

Answer 38

scurvy

Question 39

what disease do you get if you do not have enough vitamin D

Answer 39

rickets

Question 40

what do we need calcium for

Answer 40

for bones teeth and blood clotting

Question 41

what do we need iron for

Answer 41

Haemoglobin the red pigment in blood that carries oxygen

Question 42

what is fibre for

Answer 42

it keeps the alimentary canal working

Question 43

what do we need water for

Answer 43

liquid part of blood,need for getting rid of waste, for cytoplasim

Question 44

what does the liver do?

Answer 44

produces bile and regulation of blood glucose concentration

Question 45

what does the pancreas do?

Answer 45

secretes pancreatic juice also insulin wich help control blood glucose concentration

Question 46

what are the 4 steps of the digestive system

Answer 46

Ingestion, Digestion,Assimilation, Egestion

Question 47

what are the sphincter muscles

Answer 47

rings of muscle that can contract to close a tube

Question 48

what are goblet cells

Answer 48

cell found in the lining of respiratory passages that secrete mucus

Question 49

what is colon

Answer 49

firtst part of large instinte

Question 50

trachea

Answer 50

the tube through wich air travels to the lungs

Question 51

lumen

Answer 51

the space in the center of a tube

Question 52

duodenum

Answer 52

first part small intestine,pancreatic duct and bile duct empty fluid

Question 53

small intestine

Answer 53

long narrow part of alimentary canal

Question 54

pancreatic duct

Answer 54

the tube that carries pancreatic fluid from the pancreas to the duodenum

Question 55

rectum

Answer 55

second part of large intestine were feces are produces

Question 56

bile

Answer 56

alkaline fluid helps with fat digestion

Question 57

gall bladder

Answer 57

a small organ that stores bile

Question 58

what do enzymes end in

Answer 58

-ase