Biology 6.3.7 Flashcards
What is a Very Clear Piece of Evidence for Evolution in Species?
The Development of Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria.
What is an ‘Antibiotic’?
An Antibiotic is a Chemical that can Kill, or Inhibit the Growth & Reproduction of, Bacteria.
Why are Antibiotics Extremely Useful to Humans?
Antibiotics are Extremely Useful to Humans, as Some Bacteria are Pathogenic, & Can Cause Life-Threatening Disease.
Bacteria Reproduce, on Average, Every 20 Minutes. Therefore, ___ Occurs in a Much ___ Time-Span.
Evolution, Shorter.
As with All Other Organisms, Within a Population of Bacteria, there Will be ___, Caused by Mutations.
Variation.
A ___ Might Cause Some Bacteria to Become Resistant to a Certain Antibiotic.
Mutation.
Explain the Process of ‘Development of Antibiotic Resistance in a Population of Bacteria (in the Gut)’: (3)
-A Population of Bacteria in the Gut. Some Have Antibiotic Resistance.
-When Exposed to an Antibiotic, the Bacteria Causing an Illness in the Person, as well as the Healthy Gut Bacteria, are Killed.
-With Reduced Competition for Nutrients, the Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria Multiply, Forming a Larger Population, that is Difficult to Control.
What can you Say about the Bacteria Plasmids with Antibiotic-Resistant Genes?
Bacteria Plasmids with Antibiotic-Resistant Genes Can be Shared Between Bacteria of Both the Same Species, as well as with Different Species.
What Human Activity Increases the Rate of Antibiotic-Resistance Among Bacteria Across the World?
The Overuse of Antibiotics.
Increases in the Population of Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria Cause Infections & Diseases, which are ___ to Control, as it is Difficult top Find ___ that Certain Strains of Bacteria are Not Resistant to.
Harder, Antibiotics.
Why is it Constantly Becoming Increasingly Difficult for Scientists to Develop New Antibiotics?
Due to Bacteria Always Evolving (eg Via Mutations) to Develop Antibiotic-Resistance, it is becoming Increasingly Harder for Scientists to Come Up with New Antibiotics that the Bacteria are Not Resistant to. (“Scraping the Bottom of the Barrel”).
What is ‘MRSA’?
MRSA is a Very Dangerous Bacterial Strain, that is Resistant to Most Antibiotics that Humans have Developed.
Why is ‘MRSA’ Very Dangerous?
MRSA is a Very Dangerous Bacterial Strain, Because it is Resistant to Most Antibiotics that Humans have Developed.
If Someone gets Infected with MRSA, they Cannot be ___ Easily.
Treated.
Developing New Antibiotics is a Very ___ Process. This Factors in Towards the Slowing Down in the Discovery of New Antibiotics.
Costly.
