Biology 6.1.4 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a ‘Genome’?

A

The entire Set of the Genetic Material of an Organism is known as its Genome.

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2
Q

Biologists now know the entire Human Genome. What does this mean that they have accomplished?

A

It means that they have worked out all the Genes that are found in Humans.

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3
Q

The Genetic Material in the Nucleus of a Cell is Composed of a Chemical Called…

A

DNA.

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4
Q

What does ‘DNA’ stand for? What is it?

A

Deoxyribonucleic Acid. It is the Molecule that Contains the Instructions for Growth & Development of all Organisms.

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5
Q

DNA is a ___ made up of 2 Strands, forming a ___ ___.

A

Polymer, Double Helix.

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6
Q

What is a ‘Gene’?

A

A Gene is a Short Length of DNA found on a Chromosome.

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7
Q

Each Gene Codes for a Particular Sequence of ___ ___. These Different Sequences form Different Types of ___.

A

Amino Acids, Protein.

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8
Q

What are the main Different Types of Proteins? (3)

A

-Structural Proteins.

-Enzymes.

-Hormones.

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9
Q

Explain the Structure of DNA in the Nuclei of your Body Cells. (3)

A

-DNA in your Body Cells is Unravelled.

-Double-Helix Shape.

-Made up of Several Genes.

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10
Q

Why do all of your Body Cells Contain the Same DNA? EG Why are there Genes for your Hair Colour in the Cells of your Hands?

A

Because Due to Mitosis, DNA is Duplicated for the New Cell.

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11
Q

When/Where, Why, and How is Chromosomes Formed? (3)

A

-When/Where: In Body Cells. In Preparation for Mitosis.

-Why: It is Easier for Cells to Duplicate Neat, Coiled Up DNA, which is what Chromosomes are.

-How: Chromosomes are Coils of DNA. DNA is made up of Many Genes. Each Gene Controls a Different Characteristic/Feature in you.

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12
Q

What Happens to DNA in Preparation for Mitosis?

A

They Neatly Coil into Chromosomes for Easy Duplication.

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13
Q

What Happens to DNA in your Body Cells’ Nuclei After Mitosis?

A

DNA Unravel. Chromosomes are gone. These are now Squiggly Lines of DNA Called ‘Chromatins’. DNA is Made up of Many Genes. Each Gene Controls a Different Characteristic/Feature in us.

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