Biology 6.1.7 Flashcards
Some Diseases are ___. What does this Mean?
Inherited. It Means that it has been Passed from Parent to Offspring.
What are Inherited Disorders Caused by?
Inherited Disorders are Caused by the Inheritance of Certain Alleles.
What is ‘Cystic Fibrosis’?
Cystic Fibrosis is a Genetic Disorder of Cell Membranes.
What is the Result of ‘Cystic Fibrosis’?
It Results in the Body Producing Large Amounts of Thick, Sticky, Mucus in the Air Passsages.
What is Cystic Fibrosis Caused by?
A Recessive Allele.
Cystic Fibrosis is Caused by a Recessive Allele. What does this mean for People who are Heterozygous?
People who are Heterozygous (Only Carry 1 Copy of the Recessive Allele) won’t be Affected by the Disorder, but are ‘Carriers’.
What is ‘Polydactyly’?
Polydactyly is a Genetic Disorder that Causes Someone to be Born with Extra Finger or Toes.
What is Polydactyly Caused by? What does this therefore Mean?
Dominant Allele. This Means that even if Only 1 Parent is a Carrier, the Disorder can be Inherited by Offspring.
What is ‘Embryo Screening’?
A Method Used in IVF (where Embryo is Grown in Lab) to foresee any Disorders.
What are 3 Arguments For Embryo Screening? (3)
-Avoid Suffering by Stopping the Birth of a Child with Disorders.
-Can Avoid the Larger Cost of Treatment Money.
-Laws in Place to Stop Embryo Screening Being Abused.
What are 3 Arguments Against Embryo Screening? (3)
- This Process Implies that People with Genetic Disorders are ‘Undesirable’.
-Expensive.
-Could be Abused to Attain ‘Desirable’ Offspring.
What is ‘Gene Therapy’?
Gene Therapy is the Process by which Normal Alleles are Inserted into the Chromosomes of an Individual who Carries Defective Alleles.
Why are People Against ‘Gene Therapy’?
They See it as Unnatural.
Explain the Effect of Cystic Fibrosis on Each Genotype: (3) Why are these Such?
-Homozygous Dominant: They Don’t Have it.
-Homozygous Recessive: They Have it, & it Affects them.
-Heterozygous: They Have it, but it doesn’t Affect them; they are Carriers.
This is Because Cystic Fibrosis is Caused by a Recessive Allele.
Explain the Effect of Polydactyly on Each Genotype: (3) Why are these Such?
-Homozygous Recessive: They Don’t Have it.
-Homozygous Dominant: They Have it, & it Affects them.
-Heterozygous: They Have it, but it doesn’t Affect them; they are Carriers.
This is Because Polydactyly is Caused by a Dominant Allele.
