biological molecules

Question 1

what is adenosine triphosphate

Answer 1

A molecule that acts as the energy currency of cells formed
from a molecule of ribose, a molecule of adenine and three phosphate groups.

Question 2

what are amino acids?

Answer 2

The monomers containing an amino group (NH2), a carboxyl group (COOH) and a variable R group that make up proteins.

Question 3

what is a benedict’s test?

Answer 3

A biochemical test used to test for reducing sugars that produces a different colour based on the amount of reducing sugar present.

Question 4

what is a biurets test?

Answer 4

A biochemical test that produces a purple solution in the presence of protein.

Question 5

what is cellulose?

Answer 5

A polysaccharide made of beta glucose monomers that is used as a structural polysaccharide which provides strength to plant cell walls.

Question 6

what is a condensation reaction?

Answer 6

A type of reaction that joins two molecules together with the
formation of a chemical bond involving the elimination of a molecule of water.

Question 7

what is deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)?

Answer 7

An information storing molecule made up of deoxyribonucleotide monomers joined by phosphodiester bonds to form a double helix.

Question 8

what are dipeptides?

Answer 8

Molecules formed by the condensation of two amino acids.

Question 9

what is disaccharide?

Answer 9

class of carbohydrate that are made up of two monosaccharides subunits formed by a condensation reaction

Question 10

what is adhesion?

Answer 10

a property of water molecules, creates an attraction between them and the surfaces that they are in contact with

Question 11

what is amylopectin?

Answer 11

a branched polysaccharide made up of alpha glucose monomers joined by a 1 - 6, glycosidic bond. makes up starch, along with amylose

Question 12

what is amylose?

Answer 12

unbranched polysaccharide made up of alpha glucose monomers joined by a 1 - 4, glyosidic bond. makes up starch, along with amylopectin

Question 13

what’s an anion?

Answer 13

an ion with a negative charge

Question 14

what’s a cation?

Answer 14

an ion with a positive charge

Question 15

what is chromatography?

Answer 15

a technique used to separate different molecules, in a solution, by their properties

Question 16

what is collagen?

Answer 16

a type of fibrous protein that gives mechanical strength to many different cell types and makes up connective tissues

Question 17

what is condensation reaction?

Answer 17

a type of reaction that binds two molecules together with the formation of a chemical bond, involving the elimination of a water molecule

Question 18

what is a conjugated protein?

Answer 18

a protein with a prosthetic group bound to it

Question 19

what is elastin?

Answer 19

a type of fibrous protein that allows tissues and structures like blood vessels to stretch and return to original shape

Question 20

what are fibrous proteins?

Answer 20

a class of long chain molecules that are generally insoluble in water and have a typically structural role

Question 21

what are globular proteins?

Answer 21

a class of spherical molecules that are generally water soluble and have metabolic roles

Question 22

what is glucose?

Answer 22

a hexose monosaccharide that is the main respiratory substrate in eukaryotes

Question 23

what is glycogen?

Answer 23

A highly branched polysaccharide that is used as the main energy storage
molecule in animals and is made up of alpha glucose monomers joined by α-1,4 glycosidic bonds.