Biological: Casey

Question 1

background

Answer 1

hare et al- alluring stimuli can lower self-control
ability to resist temptation in favour of long-term goals is an indicator of individual, societal and economic success

Question 2

what is the ventral striatum associated with

Answer 2

reward and immediate choices

Question 3

what is the inferior frontal gyrus associated with

Answer 3

decision making

Question 4

aim

Answer 4

assess if delay of gratification in childhood predicts impulse control and alluring situations in later life

Question 5

experimental method

Answer 5

quasi

Question 6

design

Answer 6

repeated measures, longitudinal 4-40 yo

Question 7

IV

Answer 7

type of delayer when pp a child

Question 8

DV

Answer 8

performance on impulse task
reaction times
accuracy
fMRI image results

Question 9

sample

Answer 9

> 562 4 year olds from Stanford uni Bing nursery school
155 completed self control scale sin 20s
exp 1- 59 pps
exp 2- 27

Question 10

experiment 1 procedure

Answer 10

• pps completed 2 versions of impulse task, hot- fearful/happy, cool- male/female
• at start screen shows ‘go’
• pps respond by clicking as fast as possible
• each face appears for 500ms with 1s interval
• 160 trial per run
• accuracy and reaction time recorded

Question 11

experiment 2 procedure

Answer 11

• pps completer hot or cold tasks while having fMRI
• 48 trial
• test projected and pps respond with button response pad to measure accuracy and reaction times

Question 12

experiment 1 findings

Answer 12

• no affect of delay group on reaction times to go trials
• high levels of accuracy to go trials during hot and cool task
• no go trials have more false alarms from low delayers
• low delayers perform more poorly on hot task and their performance is worse than in cool

Question 13

experiment 2 findings

Answer 13

• no effect of delay groups on reaction times to go trials
• high levels of accuracy to go trials
• no go trials more false alarms from low delayers
• right inferior frontal gyrus evolved in withholding response
• low delayers less activity in IFG
• ventral striatum increased activity to happy no go trials for low delayers
• ventral striatum more activity in low delayers

Question 14

conclusions

Answer 14

• resistance to temptation is a characteristic over time
• ability to resist temptation varies by context
• difficulty delaying gratification at age 4 have more difficult suppressing responses to positive social cues as adults