Biological Bases of Behavior (Neuroscience) Flashcards
Speech production center of the brain is located on the left side of the brain
Broca’s area
Broca
Damaged frontal lobe caused him to have a different personality
Phineas Gage
Understand of functional lateralization in the human brain and how the cerebral hemispheres communicate with one another
Gazzaniga
Spilt-brain research
Left hemisphere responsible for language understanding and articulation, the right hemisphere could recognize a word but not articulate it
Sperry
Study of aphasia
Wernicke’s area
Wernicke
“reward” system in the brain
Olds
study of memory and temporal lobes, the lateralization of hemispheric function in language, role of frontal lobes in problem-solving
Milner
Changed the way people understand individual differences in human behavior
Bouchard
Study of human sexuality and mating strategies
Personality and individual differences, social emotions, intimate partner violence, stalking, and murder
Buss
Human semantic memory and cognition
Collins
transmutation of species, natural selection, evolution by common descent
Darwin
gender role theory to explain sex differences in these behaviors
Eagly
Methods of recording electrodermal activity
Lykken
links between various gene sequences and mental health disorders
Plomin
the origins and maintenances of sex-related differences and similarities in social behavior and the dynamics of social influence and attitude change
Wood
A nerve cell; the basic building block of the nervous system
Neuron
Neurons that carry incoming information from the brain receptors to the brain and spinal cord
Sensory Neurons
Neurons that carry outgoing information from the brain and spinal cord to the muscles and glands
Motor Neurons
Neurons within the brain and spinal cord that communicate internally and intervene between the sensory inputs and motor outputs
Interneurons
A neuron’s bushy, branching extensions that receive messages and conduct impulses toward the cell body
Dendrite
The neuron extension that passes messages through its branches away to other neurons or to muscles or glands
Axon
A fatty tissue layer segmentally encasing the axon of some neurons; enables vastly greater transmission speed as neural impulses hop from on node to the next
Myelin Sheath
A neural impulse; a brief electrical charge that travels down an axon
Action Potential
a level of stimulation required to trigger a neural impulse
Threshold