Bioenergetics Flashcards
How do plants absorb light
Chlorophyll in chloroplasts absorbed light
Word equation for photosynthesis
Water + carbon dioxide 》 oxygen + glucose
What is glucose used for in plants
Respiration which is used to build new cells
Making cellulose for cell walls
Making amino acids - glucose is combined with nitrate ions
How do plants store glucose
Covert to lipids which are stored in seeds
Stored as starch in roots, stems, seeds and leaves. Ready to use when photosynthesis isnt happening as much
Cant be stored as glucose because glucose is soluble so the plant would draw up loads of water and swell up
What is the relationship between distance from an object and the light intensity reaching the object
Distance and light intensity and inversely proportional
How do you work out light intensity using distance
Light intensity is 1/ distance^2
How are greenhouses designed to limit limiting factors
Trap suns heat but also equipt with heaters and shades and ventilation
Artificial light after the sun horse down for longer hours of photosynthesis
Paraffin heaters make co2 as a by product
Kept away from pests and disease
What is respiration
The process of transferring energy from glucose
What are 3 things energy from respiration is used for
Make bigger molecules from smaller ones
Allow muscles to contract
Keep body temperature steady
What is anaerobic respiration
Incomplete breakdown of glucose making lactic acid
Doesn’t transfer as much energy as aerobic respiration because glucose isnt fully oxidized
What is oxygen debt
Amount of extra oxygen the body needs after exercise to react with the build up of lactic acid and remove it from the cells
The liver also converts lactic acid back to glucose
Word equation for anaerobic respiration in plants and yeast cells
Glucose 》 ethanol + carbon dioxide
What is metabolism
The total of all the reactions that happen in the cell or body
Give 3 examples of endothermix metabolic reactions
Glucose 》 starch, glycogen, cellulose
Glycerol + 3x fatty acids》lipids
Glucose + nitrate ions 》 amino acids 》 proteins
Give 2 examples of exothermic metabolic reactions
Glucose is broken down in respiration
Excess protein is broken down into urea
