BIOE: WEEK 5

Question 1

• Tools used to measure objectively a specific
  health concept of interest

Answer 1

Health Indicators

Question 2

• Usually numeric measures which help
  compare the targeted or expected results of
  health programs

Answer 2

Health Indicators

Question 3

– measure health outcomes and/or their risk factors

Answer 3

• Health status indicators

Question 4

– measure aspects of the performance of health
services or public health programs

Answer 4

Health service performance indicators

Question 5

– describes the total population which is used as the
denominator in the computation

Answer 5

• Crude rates

Question 6

– describes only a specific sub-group of the total
population being considered

Answer 6

• Specific rates

Question 7

– occurred during the specific point in time being
considered

Answer 7

• Point in time

Question 8

– occurred over a period of time

Answer 8

• Period of time

Question 9

– resources needed to deliver the essential services to the
population or to achieve project objectives

Answer 9

Input indicators

Question 10

– direct products of project activities. Generally in the form
of activities and processes undertaken

Answer 10

• Output indicators

Question 11

– immediate result of the services or activities implemente

Answer 11

• Outcome indicators

Question 12

– intended or unintended long-term
organizational/community changes

Answer 12

Impact indicators

Question 13

-Number of posters and brochures on family
planning

Answer 13

Input

Question 14

-Number of couples who have seen or received the
posters-Number of health education classes conducted

Answer 14

Output

Question 15

-% increase in the level of knowledge amongcouples
on family planning

Answer 15

Outcome

Question 16

-decrease in the average number of children per
family

Answer 16

Impact

Question 17

• Measures of Morbidity
• Measures of Mortality
• Measures of Fertility

Answer 17

Conventional Health Status Indicators

Question 18

• Absolute numbers
• Ratios
• Proportions
• Rates

Answer 18

Computing Indicators

Question 19

• simple count of the number of persons,
  houses or events being considered

Answer 19

Absolute Numbers

Question 20

• result of dividing one number by another

Answer 20

RATIO

Question 21

• special kind of ratio wherein the numerator is part of
  the denominator

Answer 21

Proportion

Question 22

• measures how fast an event occurs over time
  or space

Answer 22

Rate

Question 23

“Study of the size, territorial distribution, and
composition of the population, changes therein, and
the components of such changes”

Answer 23

Hauser and Duncan (1959:2)

Question 24

• The scientific study of human populations– Population size– Population structure/composition

Answer 24

DEMOGRAPHY

Question 25

* Affected by:– Natality– Mortality– migratio

Answer 25

A. Population Size

Question 26

2 Methods of Population Allocation: people are counted or allocated to the area where they were physically present at the time of the census

Answer 26

De Facto Method

Question 27

2 Methods of Population Allocation: people are counted or allocated to the place of their usual residence

Answer 27

De Jure Method

Question 28

Determines the number of percentage of the population according to the categories of important socio-demographic-economic variables

Answer 28

Population Composition

Question 29

the age below which we have 50% of the population

Answer 29

Median Age

Question 30

indicator of age-induced economic drain on human resources– Children (0-14yo)– Elderly (≥65yo)

Answer 30

Age dependency ratio

Question 31

computed by dividing the number of males by the number of females using a factor of 100

Answer 31

Sex ratio

Question 32

* Graphical presentation of the age and sex structure of a population

Answer 32

The Population Pyramid

Question 33

Description of how people are distributed in a specified space or geographic area

Answer 33

Population Distribution

Question 34

Computation of future changes in population numbers, given certain assumptions about future trends in the rates of fertility, mortality and migration

Answer 34

Population Estimation

Question 35

* For analysis of various trends * For measuring shifts in population

Answer 35

Purposes of Population Estimates

Question 36

A. Natural increase B. Rate of natural increase C. Relative increase

Answer 36

Measures of Changes in Population Size

Question 37

______ in a specific place and time = number of births – number of deaths

Answer 37

Natural increase

Question 38

* Actual difference between 2 census counts expressed in percent relative to the population size of the prior census

Answer 38

Relative Increase

Question 39

Measures the average number of people added to the population per year

Answer 39

Absolute Increase per year (b)

Question 40

Also utilize results of 2 censuses to quantify the amount of change in population size

Answer 40

Annual Rates of Growth (r)

Question 41

* Take into account all the operations that can affect population size

Answer 41

Method of Estimation

Question 42

* Also known as inflow-outflow or balancing equation method

Answer 42

Component Method

Question 43

assumes a constant rate of change (r) and population is increasing continouosly

Answer 43

Exponential method