biodiversity and taxonomy

Question 1

what are the domains of life

Answer 1

• bacteria
• archaea
• eukarya

Question 2

what type of cells do the domains of life belong to?

Answer 2

• prokaryotic cells: bacteria, archaea
• eukaryotic cells: eukarya

Question 3

name the kingdoms

Answer 3

1. eubateria
2. archaebacteria
3. protists
4. plantae
5. fungi
6. animalia

Question 4

organisms are placed into their kingdoms based on…

Answer 4

• cell type: complex or simple
• ability to make food
• number of cells in their body

Question 5

eubacteria

Answer 5

• single-celled, prokaryotic
• bacteria you are probably most familiar with
• most are beneficial (some produce vitamins and foods like yogurt, but some (like Streptococci) can give you strep throat

Question 6

archaebacteria

Answer 6

• single celled, prokaryotic
• extremophiles (can exist in extreme settings, such as temperature, thermal vents, acidity, no oxygen, boiling water, etc)

Question 7

animalia

Answer 7

• largest kingdom, abt. 1.5 million species
• multicellular and eukaryotic
• heterotrophs

Question 8

plantae/plants

Answer 8

• second largest kingdom (400,000 species)
• multicellular, eukaryotic
• autotrophs

Question 9

fungi

Answer 9

• most multicellular (except yeast), all eukaryotic
• cannot produce its own food
• obtain food from decaying plants in soil
• abt. 155,000 species

Question 10

protists

Answer 10

• most unicellular, all eukaryotic
• all microscopic organisms that do not fall under the others are protists
• organisms in this kingdom are all very different from each other

Question 11

difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells

Answer 11

eukaryotic cells have nucleuses

Question 12

what falls under each domain?

Answer 12

archaea: archaebacteria
bacteria: eubacteria
eukarya: protista, fungi, plants, animals

Question 13

eubacteria have a cell wall made of ___

Answer 13

peptidoglycan

Question 14

taxonomy

Answer 14

the science of naming organisms and assigning them to groups

Question 15

name the taxonomic levels

Answer 15

domain, kingdom, phyllum, class, order, family, genus, species
- dear king phillip came over for green soup

Question 16

species

Answer 16

-organisms similar in shape and structure (morphology)
-organisms that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring

Question 17

what is the present day system of classification based on?

Answer 17

morphology: shape and other structural features of an organism

Question 18

who invented the Linnaean system?

Answer 18

carolus linnaeus invented bionomial nomenclature

Question 19

what are the 2 parts of the Linnaean system of classification?

Answer 19

1. genus name: capitalized
2. specific name: lowercase

Question 20

writing rules for binomial nomenclature?

Answer 20

• must italicize
• if handwritten, underline