artificial selection

Question 1

theory of natural selection

Answer 1

• individuals with heritable, favorable traits results in a population that is better adapted to its current environment
• environment determines which traits are advantageous and get passed on

Question 2

artifical selection

Answer 2

• intentional reproduction of individuals that have desirable traits
• humans determine which traits are advantageous and get passed on
• traits must already exist/mutate in population to breed (e.g. no blue roses bc no gene

Question 3

both natural and artificial selection…

Answer 3

change the genotype and phenotype of future generations

Question 4

pros of artificial selection process

Answer 4

• faster/directive process
• can result in wide range of phenotypic change
• generates variation within population
• can lead to new species in less time
• exhibit traits beyond natural variability

Question 5

consequences of artificial selection

Answer 5

• monoculture: same varieties of species over a large expanse of land
• more susceptible to changes in environment or disease
• inbreeding can cause health issues in dogs (short lifespan, hip dysplasia)

Question 6

biotechnology

Answer 6

• the use of technology and organisms to artificially select for traits
• often used for food (milk, veggies, grain, fruits)

Question 7

rise of species in natural vs artifical selection

Answer 7

• artificial: species arise when crossbreeding results in sterile offspring
• natural: new species when mutations are accumulated from many generations

Question 8

differences between artifical and natural selection

Answer 8

• artificial needs less time
• artifical is directive
• artificial: new species can arise within one generation
• natural: changes to DNA base-pairings

Question 9

examples of artificial selection

Answer 9

• IVF
• cloning
• artificial insemination