Biodiversity- (11) Animals Flashcards
how many different phyla in the animal kingdom
35 (50% worms)
What are the 3 factors of the animal kingdom
Eukaryotic+ Multicellular
Hetertrophs
Mobile(in atleast one stage of life)
Explain vertabres and invertabres
Invertabres- no backbone (90% of animals)
vertabres- (Backbone 5% of animals)
what are some other ways to classify animals?
Levels of organization, number of body layers, symmetry and body plans, movemnt, and reproduction
explain levels of organization
Type + complexity of cells + organ systems
Circulatory, respiratory, digestive, nervous
the 3 animal body layers
Ectoderm, mesoderm, endoderm
whats the ectoderm
(outer layer)- develop into skin/nerves/sense organs (eyes, Ears)
whats the mesoderm
(middle layer)- develop into muscle/kidney/blood/reproductive organs
Endoderm?
(inner layer)- develop into lungs/liver/pancreas/bladder
Symmetry
Asymetrical- no symmetry
Radial- can be divided along central axis
Bilateral- can be divided into mirror halves (most vertabres)
Body plans- Body cavaties
Based on prescence of ceolom
whats ceolom
provides space for organ systems + structure for muscle attatchment
Body plans: segmentation
Division of body into repetetive sections (worms, scorpions). helps with mobility and if a section gets damaged others can still function properly
movement
most animals move via muscle/ nerve tissue. some animals (sponges/ anemones) are sessile- stationary as adults
two types of reproduction in animals
internal (gametes combine inside)
external (gametes combine outside (fish- jellyfish)
5 types of invertebrate animals
1) Sponges/ cnidarians
2)worms
3)molluscs(shell)
4)Echinoderms
5) Arthropods
what are echinoderms
marine animals- hard or spiny skin or covering
what are arthropods
segmented bodies which are protected by a chemical polymer called chitin.
what defines a vertabrate animal
prescence of notochord (vertabral column) +dorsal nerve (spinal chord in humans
5 vertabrate animals
fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, mammals
fish
50% of vertabrates, evolved into tetrapods (have limbs)
amphibians
First tetrapods. can live a portion of lives on land.
-use skin for gas exchange, external reproduction
reptiles
scales prevent dehydration. shelled eggs, lungs, 3 chambered heart, external reproduction.
birds
endothermic (metabolic heat maintains temp), 4 chambered heart.
mammals
mammary glands, hair/ fur
3 groups of mammals
monotremes, marsupials, placental
monotremes
egg laying mammals, platypus and echidna in australia
marsupials
pouched mammals, koalas and kangaroos, opposums
placental
have a placenta, bears, bats, whales, primates, humans.
