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biochem protiens FUNCTIONS AND CLASSIFICATION Flashcards

Memorize

1
Q

FUNCTIONS OF PROTEINS

A
  1. Structure
  2. Catalysts
  3. Defense
  4. Messenger
  5. Transport
  6. Storage
  7. Regulatory
  8. Movement/Contractile
  9. Nutrient
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2
Q

CLASSIFICATION OF PROTEINS

A

A. According to the number of polypeptide chains
B. According to composition.
C. According to Shape

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3
Q

component of cartilage and skin

A

Collagen (Structure)

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4
Q

Component of skin that provides its elasticity

A

Elastin (Structure)

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5
Q

Mechanical strength and protective covering to hair, fingernails, feathers, hooves, etc.

A

Keratin (Structure)

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6
Q

Proteins stiffness and rigidity to otherwise fluid-like biochemical systems.

A

Structure

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7
Q

-all reactions in living systems are catalyzed by proteins called Enzymes.
-they speed biochemical reactions so that metabolic processes will continue

A

Catalysts

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8
Q

hydrolyzes starch to maltose

A

Amylase

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9
Q

hydrolyzes lipids to fatty acids

A

Lipase

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10
Q

Catalyze reduction-oxidation reactions.

A

Oxidases

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11
Q

Proteins are central to the functioning of the body’s immune system

A

Defense

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12
Q

Bind to foreign substances, such as bacteria or viruses, to help combat the invasion of the body by a foreign substance

A

immunoglobulin or Antibodies

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13
Q

Transmit signals to coordinate biochemical processes between different cells, tissues, organs

A

Hormones

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14
Q

Proteins bind to particular small biomolecules, transport them to other locations in the body, and then release the small molecules as needed at their destination.

A

Transport

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15
Q

carries oxygen from the lungs to other organs and tissue

A

Hemoglobin

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16
Q

carries iron from the liver to the bone marrow

A

Transferrin

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17
Q

Proteins bind and store small molecules for future use

A

Storage

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18
Q

It is an oxygen-storage protein present in muscles. It is a reserve oxygen source for working muscles.

A

Myoglobin

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19
Q

stores iron for use in the biosynthesis of the new hemoglobin molecule

A

Ferritin

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20
Q

Proteins are “embedded” in the exterior surface of cell membranes. They help control the movement of molecules through the membrane and act as sites where messenger molecules bind.

A

Regulatory

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21
Q

3 Regulatory proteins

A

> Receptor proteins
Channel proteins
Glycoproteins

22
Q

Muscles are composed of filament–like contractile proteins that, in response to nerve stimuli, undergo conformation changes that involve contraction and extension

A

Movement/Contractile

23
Q

Are contractile proteins present in muscles?

A

Myosin and Actin

24
Q

Some proteins are important in the early stages of life because they provide nourishment.

25
Q

It is found in egg white and provides nourishment for the developing chick

26
Q

It is found in milk to nourish and provide immunological protection for mammalian young.

27
Q

According to the number of polypeptide chain (2)

A
  1. Monomeric Proteins
  2. Multimeric Proteins
28
Q

has one polypeptide chain only

A

Monomeric Proteins

29
Q

It is made up of two or more polypeptide chains. Each polypeptide chain is a protein subunit

A

Multimeric Proteins

30
Q

According to composition (2)

A
  1. Simple proteins
  2. Conjugated proteins
31
Q

made up of amino acids only

A

Simple proteins

32
Q

Has one or more non-amino acid components, which are called prosthetic groups

A

Conjugated proteins

33
Q

prosthetic group of Nucleoproteins

A

Nucleic acid

34
Q

prosthetic group Phosphoproteins

35
Q

prosthetic group of Glycoproteins

A

Carbohydrates

36
Q

prosthetic group of Chromoproteins

A

Chromophore group

37
Q

prosthetic group of Lipoproteins

38
Q

prosthetic group of Metalloproteins

39
Q

Examples of Nucleoproteins

A

Chromosomes

40
Q

Examples of Phosphoproteins

A

Casein in milk

41
Q

Examples of Glycoproteins

A

Mucin in saliva

42
Q

Examples of Lipoproteins

A

Fibrin in blood

43
Q

Examples of Metalloproteins

A

Ceruloplasmin(Cu) & Siderophilin (Fe) in blood plasma

44
Q

Examples of Chromoproteins

A

Hemoglobin, flavoprotein,cytochromes

45
Q

According to Shape (2)

A
  1. Fibrous proteins
  2. Globular proteins
46
Q

-exist as long-stranded molecules
-used for structural purposes-insoluble in water

A

Fibrous proteins

47
Q

-have a spherical shape
-used for nonstructural purposes but have mobile or dynamic functions
-slightly soluble in water

A

Globular proteins

48
Q

examples of Fibrous proteins

A

keratin, collagen, fibrinogen

49
Q

examples of Globular proteins

A

albumin, hemoglobin, immunoglobulin

50
Q

Types of Conjugated Proteins

A
  1. Nucleoproteins
  2. Glycoproteins
  3. Phosphoproteins
  4. Chromoproteins
  5. Lipoproteins
  6. Metalloproteins

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