Biochem Lec 3 - Lipid Metabolism / Flashcards
enzymes that are responsible for desaturating long fatty acids are located where and how do they work
in the SER
add cis double bonds
where is the first double bond typically inserted
between carbons 9&10, producing primarily 18:1(9) and small amounts of 16:1(9)
where can mammals not introduce a c=c bond
from carbon 10 to the omega end of the chain
structure of triacylglycerols
carbon 1 saturated
carbon 2 unsaturated
carbon 3 either
TAGS can or cannot form stable micelles by themeselves
they cannot
TAGs coalesce within what to form oily droplets that are nearly anhydrous (dont liek water)
adipocytes
what is the initial acceptor of FAs during TAG synthesis
glycerol phosphate
what is the FA activated from
it must be in the activated form to paricipate in metabolic processes
attached to CoA
what does fatty acyl CoA synthases (thiokinases do)
convert FA to its activated form (attached to CoA)
fate of TAG
in adipose tissue, TAG is stored in a nearly anhydrous form as fat droplets in cytosol of cells
little TAG is stored in liver
most are exported, packaged with other lipids and apolipoprotein particles called VLDL
energy from fats
9 kcal/gram
energy amount from carbs and proteins respectively
4 kcal/gram
mobilization of stored fat requires the hydrolytic release of fatty acids and glycerol from their TAG form is initiated by what
hormone-sensitive lipase
what does hormone-sensitive lipase do
remove fatty acid from carbon 1 or carbon 3 of TAG
beta oxidation
breaks down fatty acids, successively removing 2 carbon fragments from the carboxyl end of fatty acyl CoA, producing acetyl CoA, NADH, FADH2
