biochem II Flashcards
What is oxidation?
Gain of oxygen
Loss of hydrogen
Loss of electrons
What is reduction
Loss of oxygen
Gain of hydrogen
Gain of electrons
Is glycolysis aerobic or anaerobic?
Anaerobic
Where does glycolysis occur?
In the cytosol
Where do PDC/Krebs cycle occur?
In the matrix of the mitochondria
Where do ETC/oxidative phosphorylation occur?
In the inner membrane of the mitochondria
Steps of glycolysis?
- Start with a 6 carbon structure (glucose)
- Phosphorylate 6 carbon structure
- Isomerize 6 carbon structure (fructose-6-phosphate)
- Phosphorylate a second time (fructose-1,6-bisphosphate)
- Dephosphorylate and split it in half. End up with two 3 carbon structures (pyruvate)
What is the net ATP and NADH in glycolysis?
2 ATP and NADH formed
What is hexokinase?
It phosphorylates glucose
What is phosphofructokinase?
It phosphorylates F-6-P
What is pyruvate kinase?
It forms pyruvate
What is PDC’s goal?
To turn pyruvate (3C) into acetyl-coA (2C)
Produces CO2 and NADH
Steps of Krebs cycle?
- Start with a 4 carbon structure (oxaloacetate)
- Add acetyl-coA to create a 6 carbon structure (citric acid/citrate)
- Go to a 5 carbon structure by giving out CO2 and NADH
- Go to a 4 carbon structure by giving out CO2 and NADH
- Go back to oxaloacetate. Gives out GTP, FADH2 and NADH
How many turns per glucose for Krebs cycle?
2 turns per glucose because each glucose leads to creation of 2 pyruvate.
What is the net electron carriers created by PDC and Krebs cycle?
PDC creates 2 NADH
Krebs cycle creates 6 NADH, 2 FADH2 and 2 GTP
