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bio psych Flashcards

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1
Q

what is the human nervous system divided into

A

central nervous system
peripheral nervous system

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2
Q

what does CNS stand for

A

central nervous system

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3
Q

what is the CNS function

A

it receives info from the senses and controls behaviour and regulates the bodys psyhiological processes

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4
Q

what is the CNS made ip of

A

brain and spinal cord

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5
Q

what does the spinal cord do

A

it relays information between the brain and the rest of the body.
Allows the brain to monitor and regulate bodily processes such as digestion

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6
Q

how many main areas of the brain are there

A

four

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7
Q

what does the brain do

A

provides conscious awareness and it regulate the bodys psychological processes

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8
Q

what does the brain consit of the main areas?

A

occipital lobe
temporal lobe
parietal lobe
frontal

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9
Q

what does the occipital lobe do

A

processes visual information

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10
Q

what does the temporal lobe do

A

processes auditory information

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11
Q

what does the parietal lobe do

A

integrates info from the senses

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12
Q

what does the frontal lobe do

A

it assosiated with higher order functions

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13
Q

what does the brain stem do

A

connects the brain and spinal cord

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14
Q

what does the spinal cord do

A

its role is to transfer messages to and from the brain and the rest of the body

its responsible for simple refleces

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15
Q

what is the peripheral nervous system

A

its role is to relay nerve impulses from the CNS to the rest of the body and from the body back to the CNS

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16
Q

what is the Peripheral nervous system divided into

A

SNS
ANS

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17
Q

what does SNS stand for

A

semantic nervous system

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18
Q

what does the semantic nervous system do

A

it is responsible for carrying sensory and motor information to and from the centeral nervous system

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19
Q

what does ANS stand for

A

autonomic nervous system

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20
Q

what does the autonomic nervous system do

A

it governs the brains involuntary activities
plays an important role in homeostatis

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21
Q

show the nervous system and the divisons

A

nervous system
CNS PNS
brain + spinal cord SNS ANS
sympathtic para

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22
Q

what does the autonomic nervous system consist of

A

sympathetic nervous system

parasympathetic nervous system

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23
Q

what does the sympathetic nervous system do

A

it helps our bodies respond to emergancies such as fight of flight

it increases heart rate and slows down digestion speed

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24
Q

what does the parasympathetic nervous system do

A

its role is to relax the body back to its normal resting state

slows heart rate
spead up digestion speed

25
Q

what is a neuron

A

neuron is a specialised nerve cell that recieves processes and transmits info to other cells in the body

26
Q

how many types of neurosn are there

A

three

27
Q

what are the types of neurons

A

relay
motor
sesonry

28
Q

what do sensory neurons do

A

they cary nerve implusses from sensory receptors to spinal cord and brain

29
Q

what is the structure of sensory neurons

A

receptor cell
axon with mylein sheath
cell body

30
Q

what is a relay neuron

A

they allow sensory and motor neurons to communicate with each other

31
Q

what is the strucutre of a relay neuron

A

dendrites
cell body
long axon
pre synaptic terminal

32
Q

what does a motor neuron do

A

they form synapses with muscles and control their contractions and release neurotransmitters

33
Q

what is the structure of motor neurons

A

MONSTER SHAPE

dendrites
cell body
axon with mylein sheat
dendrites

34
Q

draw a synapse

A

…

35
Q

what is a synpase

A

A synapse is the junction that allows the signal to pass between neurons,

36
Q

what is synaptic transmission

A

is a process by which a nerve impulse passes across the synaptic gap from one neuron to another neuron

37
Q

describe the synaptic transmission process

A

an action potential travels down the axon

this triggers the release of neurotransmiters into the SG

these diffuse across the SG into the post synaptic cell

38
Q

what are neurotransmitters

A

chemical substances that transmit nerve impulses across a synapse

39
Q

how many types of neurotransmitters

A

two

40
Q

what are the types of neurotransmitters

A

excitatory neurotransmitter
inhibitory neurotransmitter

41
Q

what is an excitatory neurotransmitter

A

increase the likelihood that an excitatory signal is sent to the post SC which is more likely to fire

42
Q

what is an inhibitory neurotransmitter

A

they decrease the likelihood of the neuron firing

43
Q

what is the endocrine system

A

it is a network of glands throughout the body that manufacture and secrete chemical messengers known as hormones

44
Q

what are the major glands in the endorcrine system

A

pituitary gland
adrenal gland
ovaries
testes

45
Q

what are hormones

A

bodys chemical messangers which travel through the blood stream which determines different processes e.g mood

46
Q

what is the role of endocrine glands

A

produce and secrete hormones and chemical substances that regulate the activity of cells or organs in the body

47
Q

what is the pituitary gland

A

is known as the master gland because the hormones released control and stimulate the release of hormones from other glands in the endocrine

48
Q

what does the thyroid gland do

A

releases thyroxine

49
Q

what does thyroxine do

A

responsible for regulating metabolism

50
Q

what is the adrenal gland divided into

A

adrenal medulla
adrenal cortex

51
Q

what does the adrenal medulla do

A

releasing adrenaline and noradrenaline to prepare for fight or flight

52
Q

what does the adrenal cortex do

A

releases cortisol which stimulates the release of glucose, supresses the immune system

53
Q

what does the testes produce

A

releases testosterone, which is responsible for the development of male sex characteristics during puberty

54
Q

what does the ovaries produce

A

releases oestrogen which controls the regulation of female reproductive system

55
Q

what is the fight or flight response

A

is a sequence of activity within the body that is triggered when the body prepares itself for defending

56
Q

what does the amygdala and hypothamulus do for fight or flight

A

when faced with threat amygdala is moblised
sends a distress signal to hypothamulus

57
Q

how does the body respond to accute stresses

A

the sympathetic nervous system is triggered
it increaases the realesment of adrenalin
causing heart rare to increase
increases the realeade of blood pressure

the parasympathetic nervous system slow down these psychological chnages

58
Q

how does the body respond to chronic stressors

A

hypothmaulas activies a stress response system called HPA axis

59
Q

what is the HPA axis

A

hypothamus - releases CRH into blood stream to respond to stressor
pituitary gland - releases ACTH, transported through blood stream
adreanal gland - ACTH stimulates adrenal cortex to release various stress related hormones

Psychology (7 decks)

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