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Science > Bio diversity 9 > Flashcards

Bio diversity 9 Flashcards

1
Q

define symbiosis

A

interaction between two different organisms living in close physical association, typically to the advantage of both.

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2
Q

What are the 3 categories of symbiosis

A

Commensalism, mutualism and parasitism

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3
Q

What is commensalism

A

A situation where 1 species benefits from the while one stays neutral

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4
Q

Define Mutualism

A

A situation where both species relation in a relationship

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5
Q

Define parasitism

A

A situation where one species benefits from the relationship while the other suffers a negative impact

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6
Q

What are heritable traits in a species

A

traits that are passed down from the parents

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7
Q

What are non heritable traits in a species

A

traits that come over time and are not genetically passed down from the parents

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8
Q

What are some examples of heritable traits

A

Eye Colour, freckles, hair colour

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9
Q

What are some examples of non heritable traits

A

Died hair, tattoos, piercings, nail polish

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10
Q

What are discrete characteristics

A

They are not continuous traits that use bins, you either have a certain trait or you don’t

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11
Q

What are examples of discrete characteristics

A

eye colour, detached earlobes, freckles

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12
Q

Whats continuos characteristics

A

Traits in a species that can be measured, not all people have it, varies

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13
Q

What are some examples of continuous characteristics

A

Height, weight, shoe size

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14
Q

Whats asexual reproduction

A

It occurs when only one parent supplies the info to the offspring. The genetic material and the characteristics between the parents and offspring are identical.

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15
Q

What are some examples of asexual reproduction are there in our world

A

fungi and bacteria

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16
Q

Does asexual reproduction include gametes zygotes

A

no

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17
Q

Whats sexual reproduction

A

IT occurs when two parents supply genetic material to the offspring. The offspring and parents are not the exact same and will carry a combination of characteristics from both parents. Gametes come together to form zygote

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18
Q

What happens when the gametes meet together

A

they form a zygote

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19
Q

Whats gametes

A

sperm and egg

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20
Q

Whats a zygote

A

When the sperm and egg come together

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21
Q

With sexual reproduction do sibling vary in genetics and characteristics

A

Yes, except for twins

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22
Q

What are the 3 types of diversity

A

Ecosystem, species and genetic

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23
Q

Whats ecosystem diversity

A

the variations in ecosystems within a geographical location and its overall impact on human existence and the environment.

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24
Q

What is species diversity

A

the number of different species present in an ecosystem and relative abundance of each of those species.

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25
Q

What is genetic diversity

A

the range of different inherited traits within a species.

26
Q

What are some examples of ecosystem diversity

A

Within a mountain range: rivers, streams, mountains, hills, forests, snow

27
Q

Examples of species diversity

A

Within a mountain range: Fish, mountain goats, bears, gophers

28
Q

Examples of genetic diversity

A

Within a mountain range: Variations of flowers, different breeds of fish, grizzly bear vs. black bear

29
Q

What are structural adaptaions

A

How an animals body looks so it can function in its environment

30
Q

What are behavioural adaptations

A

Something an animal does in a response to a stimulus to survive

31
Q

Examples of structural adaptaions

A

Giraffes long neck, camouflage fur, ducks webbed feet

32
Q

Examples of behavioural adaptations

A

Hibernations, migrations, storing food for winter

33
Q

How does sexual reproduction in plants work

A

Sexual reproduction in plants involves gametes as well, male gametes and female gametes
joining, during fertilization, to produce a zygote and then an embryo.

34
Q

What does pollen contain

A

male gametes(sperm)

35
Q

Where is pollen found

A

on the stamen

36
Q

What do ovules contain and where are they found

A

They contain female gametes(eggs) and are found in the pistil

37
Q

When does pollinations occur?

A

When pollen is transferred from the anthers of the stand to the stigma of the pistil

38
Q

What is cross pollination

A

pollen from one plant is carried to the stigma of another plant by wind, water or animals (bees or butterflies).

39
Q

When does cross fertilization occur

A

when a grain of the pollen forms a long tube (pollen tube), which grows down the style into the ovary.

40
Q

What is asexual reproduction in plants

A

part of the parent plant is used to generate a new plant. The new plant is genetically identical to the parent plant from which the stock has been taken.

41
Q

Whats mitosis

A

Cell duplication: the process where one cell operates an becomes two separate cells

42
Q

Whats binary fission

A

When a cell duplicates its contents including its nucleus and other organelles. It then splits into two cells with each one being identitcal.

43
Q

Whats asexual spore production

A

Spores form then divide to produce offspring

44
Q

Define budding

A

ghthe parent organism produces a bud (a smaller version of itself), whicheventually detaches itself from the parent and becomes a self-sufficient individual -
identical to the parent.

45
Q

define bacterial conjugation

A

process by which one bacterium transfers genetic material to another through direct contact

46
Q

What does a zygote turn into

A

An embryo

47
Q

Whats the stamen

A

male reproductive organ, sexual plant reproduction

48
Q

Whats the pistil

A

sexual plant reproduction, female reproductive organ, contains the stigma, style and the ovary

49
Q

Petal of the flower:

A

Coloured part that attracts pollinators

50
Q

Whats the anther

A

Where pollen is produced

51
Q

Whats the sepal

A

It protects the interior flower before it emerges

52
Q

Whats the filament

A

Thin tubular part of the stamen that extends and supports the pollen sac at the top

53
Q

Whats the ovary

A

It produces unfertilized seeds

54
Q

Whats the ovule

A

Egg of the flower

55
Q

Whats the stigma

A

captures pollen

56
Q

whats the style

A

Tube where pollen is delivered to ovary

57
Q

what is sexual dimorphism

A

the differences in characteristics and forms between two sezes of the same speices

58
Q

Examples of sexual dimorphism

A

male larger than female, mandarin ducks, pheasants

59
Q

What is polymorphism

A

when two or more clearly different phenotypes(observable traits) exist in the same population of a species

60
Q

Example of polymorphism

A

jaguar skin colouring,

Science (14 decks)

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