Bio 223A Exam 3 Flashcards
What is muscle atrophy?
When muscle appears smaller than due to a lack of wasting muscle tissue
What are cramps
A painful, involuntary contraction of a muscle
What is muscle dystrophy?
A group of genetic diseases that cause progressive weakness and loss of muscle mass
What is the origin of a muscle?
Muscle starches on bones, Origin: attachment of a muscle on the more stable bone
What is the insertion of a muscle?
Insertion: attachment of a muscle on the more moveable bone
What is synergist?
Assist the agonist for a specific action at a joint, make movements for accurate and fluid
What is antagonist?
Anatagonist is a muscle particularly one that works opposite to the action of the primary muscle
What do we call muscles that have their fascículo arranged like barbs of a feather along a common tendon?
Pénnate (Bipennate)
What kind of muscles act as a sphincter?
Circular fascicle
The muscle extensor digitorum longus is named on what basis?
Size, location and action
What is the muscle trapezius named for? Shape? Length. Function?
Shape
When you say quadracep femoris, what is the name based on.
Four- headed muscle and location
If you hyperextended your head, which class lever system does it represent?
First class lever
If you flex your elbow, which class lever system does it represent?
Third class lever
If you flex your elbow, which class lever system does it represent?
Third class lever
If you contract your left sternocleidomastiod, what would happen to your head?
It would rotate
Raising your eyebrow is the action of which muscle?
Frontalis
Puckering your lips?
Orbicularis oris
Chewing gum
Temporalis, master, buccinator
If you have hypertrophied mental is muscle, what would you have?
Dimpled chin
What is the major movement of a muscle that is used during breathing?
Diaphragm
What type of contractions would your abdominal muscles do against your vertebral column?
Isometric contractions
What are the muscles of the rotator cuff? What are their function?
Supraspinatus, infraspinatus, Teres minor, subscapularis
Someone injures their shoulder hitting a ball high up, which muscle of the rotator cuff would be damaged?
Supraspinatus
What muscle raises your arm to your shoulder level?
Deltoid
Which muscle group in your forearm are flexors?
Flexor carpi
Which muscles group in your forearm are extensors?
Extensor carpi ulnaris
What muscle flexes the wrist?
flexor carpi radialis, and flexor carpi ulnaris.
Extensor policies radials, what does this muscle move?
Extends the thumb
Thenarand hypothenar muscles control what?
Thumb
If your sprinter and you hold your stance, which one of your muscles is contracted?
Gluteus Maximus
What is the largest buttock muscle?
Gluteus Maximus
What is the site for gluteal injection?
Gluteus medius
If you give an injection on the interior aspect of your thigh, what muscle are you injecting?
Rectus femoris
What muscles constitute the quadracep femoris?
Rectas femoris, vastus laterales, vastus medialis, vastus intermedialis
Biceps femoris make up which muscle group
Hamstrings
Which muscles for. The bulging of the calf?
Gastrocnemius and soelus
What muscles is inserted on the calcaneus by the Achilles tendon?
Gastrocnemius
What is the function of the tensor fascia latae?
Hip joint flexión, abduction, medial rotation: assists in flexión of the thigh
Refractory period( absolute)
The time where the muscle does not respond to stimulus
Refractory period (relative)
relative;;a period after firing when a neuron is returning to its normal polarized state and will fire again only if the incoming message is much stronger than usual
Types of muscles
Smooth, cardiac, skeletal
What is a triad?
Two terminal cisternae and a t tubule
