Bio 223A Exam 2 Part 2 Flashcards
Exam 2 chapter 7,8
What does the coronal suture connect to?
Frontal and parietal bones
What does the squamous suture connect to?
Temporal and parietal
What does the lambdoid suture connect?
Parietal and occipital bones
What does the sagittal suture separate?
Two parietal bones from each other
What does the intermaxillary suture separate?
Separates maxilla into two
What do the ligaments nuchae do?
Neck ligament, holds the head up, plays a role in posture
Where is the foramen magnum?
Occipital bone, big hole for spine
Where is the mastoid process?
Temporal bone
What structure are the mastoid processes close to?
Ear
Where is the palatine process found?
Maxilla
Zygomatic common name
Cheek bone
Sternum common name
Breastbone
Clavicle common name
Collar bone
Scapula common name
Shoulder blade
Coccyx/coccyx common name
tailbone
What bone forms the roof of your mouth?
Palatine and maxilla
What does the pituitary gland sit on?
Sella turcica of the sphenoid bone
Where do you find the optic foramen?
In your orbit, posterior part
If you have a fractured mandible, where is your break?
Jaw
If you have a traumatic hyperextension of your neck, what is it called?
Whiplash
Functions of the vertebral column
Protection, support, movement, shock absorption, muscle attachment, blood cell production
Hyoid bone
Only bone that doesn’t come in contact with any other bones
Vertebral column
Spine
What does the hyoid bone do?
Provides attachment points for muscles involved in swelling and speech
What are the bones in the vertebral column called and how many are there
33 bones called vertebrae
Paranasal Sinuses
Reduces weight of skull and enhance voice resonance, filter, warm and humid inspired air, communicate with adjacent nasal cavity through small bone openings, allow air to flow in and out sinuses
Vertebral classifications
Cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, coccygeal/coccyx
How many cervical vertebrae are there?
7
How many thoracic vertebrae are there?
12
How many lumbar vertebrae are there?
5
How many sacral vertebrae are there?
5 fused
How many coccygeal vertebrae are there?
3-5 fused
What is the coccyx?
Tailbone
Interbral foramen
Spaces between movable vertebrae, spinal nerve roots pass through these foramina
Is the coccyx found in the most inferior or superior part of the vertebra
Inferior
Where is the dens/odontoid process found?
Cervical vertebrae protrudes from body
What does the dens/odontoid process allow?
Allows for rotational movement of head at neck
Transverse foramina
Hole in transverse process
Which vertebrae have transverse foramina?
Cervical vertebrae
What must tear to have a herniated disc?
Annulus fibrosus
What do articular facets do?
Determine movement, alignment of vertebral column, attach the thoracic to the ribs
Spina bifida
Incomplete closure of the vertebrae
What are the structures that constitute the 3 parts of the sternum?
Manubrium, body, xiphoid process
Manubrium of sternum
Sternum, superior most segment that has a suprasternal notch with a clavier notch on either side, articulates with clavicle so pectoral girdle; first rib cartilages attach just below clavicular notches
Xiphoid process of sternum
Inferior segment; protrusion that provides an attachment site for certain abdominal muscles
Body sternum
Large middle segment; features sternal angle where manubrium and body meet and second rib cartilage attaches; lateral edge of remaining body has notches for third through seventh rib cartilages
Where do you find the glenoid fossa?
Scapula
Where do you find the acromion process?
Spine of scapula, anterolateral portion of shoulder girdle
Where do you find the femoral condyle?
Distal end of femur
Where do you find the olecranon?
Part of the ulna, tip of the elbow
Stop letting people touch the cadaver’s hand pneumonic
Scaphoid, Lunate, Triquetrum, Pisiform, Trapezium, trapezoid, Capitate, hamate
TIBia pneumonic
Thick, linner bone
This college need me in lab classes pneumonic
Helps remembers tarsales from proximal to distal and medial to lateral;
Talus, Calcaneus, Navicular, Medial cuneiform, Intermediate cuneiform, Lateral cuneiform, Cuboid
fibuLA pneumonic
LAteral bone
Which bones form knuckles?
Metacarpals
Where do you find the obturator foramen?
Hip bone, between the ischium and pubis
Where is a colles’ fracture located?
Wrist, distal radius
Which bone has a greater trochanter?
Femur
Which tarsal bone articulates with tibia?
Talus
Where is the medial malleolus located?
Distal tibia
Some Lovers Try Positions That They Can’t Handle pneumonic
Used to remember carpals;
Scaphoid, Lunate, triquetrum, Pisiform, Trapezium, Trapezoid, Capitate, Hamate
Kyphosis
Hunchback
Lordosis
Abnormal anterior curvature of the lumbar spine ( Sway-back condition)
Scoliosis
Abnormal lateral curvature of the spine
Ischial Tuberosity
Receives the weight of the body when sitting
Deltoid tuberosity
Rough, triangular area located on the lateral aspect of the humerus, the long bone of the upper arm. It serves as the attached site for the deltoid muscle
Long bone with epiphyseal plates and line?
femur
Endosteum
Lines the medullary cavity
Periosteum
Membrane that surrounds bone
Diaphysis
Shaft of long bone
Articular cartilage
Hyaline cartilage that covers ends of bones in synovial joints
What is osteomyelitis?
Inflammation of bone and bone marrow
What is osteomalacia?
Softening of the bone
What is osteoporosis?
Condition in which the body’s bones become weak and break easily
What are rickets?
Vitamin D deficiency in children, children with softening bones
What is osteogenesis imperfecta?
Type of disorder where bones are brittle. Occurs in pregnant women. Insufficient collagen development.
Bone structures
Lamellae, canaliculi, trabeculae, and medullary cavity.
Lamellae
Thin layers of bone, concentric rings made up of groups of hollow tubes of bone matrix
Canaliculi
Little channels that connect lacunae
Medullary Cavity
Has yellow bone marrow. This is the cavity in the center of the long bone.
Sharpey’s fibers
Strengthen the attachment of ligaments and fibers on a bone.
Osten, to what type of bone does it relate to?
Compact Bone
Dense bone
compact bone
Osteoblasts and osteoclasts are found on both bones? Yes or no?
Yes
In which type of bone is concentric lamellae found?
Compact bone
In which type of bone is the canaliculi found?
Compact bone
Where and what is the atlas?
Found in the cervical spine, C1, has no body or spinous process
What do the atlas and axis allow?
Neck movement to side, as well as forward and backward movement.
Where and what is the axis?
Found in the cervical spine, C2, has dens
