Bio 108 - Lecture 9 Flashcards
Four Main Groups of plants
1) Non-Vasular Plants
2) Seedless Vascular Plants
3) Gymnosperms
4) Angiosperms
Plants are most closely related to…
Charophytes
3 Features Land Plants Share with Charophytes
1) Rossette-Shaped cellulose-synthesizing complexes
2) Structure of Sperm (flagellated)
3) Presence of Phragmoplast during cell division
Kingdom Viridiplantae
Virid = ?
The kingdom that could put cholorphytes, charophyceans, and embrophytes in this kingdom.
Virid = Green
6 Characteristics that separate plants from Charophycean algae ?
1) Multicellular, dependant embroys
2) Alternation of Generations
3) Sporopollenin
4) Adaptations for Water Conservation
5) Lignified vascular Tissue
6) Apical Meristems
Characteristic of Multicellular, Dependant Embryos
- Zygote retained within tissues of female parents
- Parent provides nutrients through special embryonic plancental cells
Alternation of Generations
A life cycle in which haploid multicellular and diploid multicellular body forms alternate
Sporopollenin
Tough polymer in wall of plant spores, resistant to drying
- None in aquatic spores
2 Adaptations Plants have for water conservation
1) Waxy Cuticle - On epidermis acts as waterproofing
2) Stomata - Pores in the leaves allow gas exchange
Lignified Vascular Tissue (2 Types)
- Used for internal transport
1) Xylem - cells carry water and minerals up
2) Phloem - cells distribute organic products
Apical Meristems
Undifferentiated tissue from which new, differentiated cells arise
2 Features terrestrial Plants have that aquatic don’t
1) More compartmentalized resources
2) Structure show specalization for searching for water & minerals underground, and light and gas above.
Three Phyla of Non Vascular Plants
1) Phylum Heptophyta
2) Phylum Anthocerophyta
3) Phylum Bryophyta
Bryophytes
- Lack true vascular tissue
- lack lignin
- Lack of supporting tissue keeps them small
- Haploid gametophytes and most dominant phase
Bryophyte Sperm / Egg Ograns
Female Archegonium
Male Antheridium - flagellated sperm