Bio 108 - Lecture 9

Question 1

Four Main Groups of plants

Answer 1

1) Non-Vasular Plants
2) Seedless Vascular Plants
3) Gymnosperms
4) Angiosperms

Question 2

Plants are most closely related to…

Answer 2

Charophytes

Question 3

3 Features Land Plants Share with Charophytes

Answer 3

1) Rossette-Shaped cellulose-synthesizing complexes
2) Structure of Sperm (flagellated)
3) Presence of Phragmoplast during cell division

Question 4

Kingdom Viridiplantae

Virid = ?

Answer 4

The kingdom that could put cholorphytes, charophyceans, and embrophytes in this kingdom.
Virid = Green

Question 5

6 Characteristics that separate plants from Charophycean algae ?

Answer 5

1) Multicellular, dependant embroys
2) Alternation of Generations
3) Sporopollenin
4) Adaptations for Water Conservation
5) Lignified vascular Tissue
6) Apical Meristems

Question 6

Characteristic of Multicellular, Dependant Embryos

Answer 6

• Zygote retained within tissues of female parents

- Parent provides nutrients through special embryonic plancental cells

Question 7

Alternation of Generations

Answer 7

A life cycle in which haploid multicellular and diploid multicellular body forms alternate

Question 8

Sporopollenin

Answer 8

Tough polymer in wall of plant spores, resistant to drying

- None in aquatic spores

Question 9

2 Adaptations Plants have for water conservation

Answer 9

1) Waxy Cuticle - On epidermis acts as waterproofing

2) Stomata - Pores in the leaves allow gas exchange

Question 10

Lignified Vascular Tissue (2 Types)

Answer 10

• Used for internal transport
  1) Xylem - cells carry water and minerals up
  2) Phloem - cells distribute organic products

Question 11

Apical Meristems

Answer 11

Undifferentiated tissue from which new, differentiated cells arise

Question 12

2 Features terrestrial Plants have that aquatic don’t

Answer 12

1) More compartmentalized resources

2) Structure show specalization for searching for water & minerals underground, and light and gas above.

Question 13

Three Phyla of Non Vascular Plants

Answer 13

1) Phylum Heptophyta
2) Phylum Anthocerophyta
3) Phylum Bryophyta

Question 14

Bryophytes

Answer 14

• Lack true vascular tissue
• lack lignin
• Lack of supporting tissue keeps them small
• Haploid gametophytes and most dominant phase

Question 15

Bryophyte Sperm / Egg Ograns

Answer 15

Female Archegonium

Male Antheridium - flagellated sperm

Question 16

Bryophyte Life cycle

Answer 16

• Sperm must swim through water film, need moist places

- Sporophytes release 1000’s of asexually produced spores

Question 17

Economic Uses for Bryophytes

Answer 17

Sphagnum moss forms peat, peat used as fuel

dead cells harvested for soil conditioner because they can hold water