Bio 108 - Lecture 9 Flashcards

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1
Q

Four Main Groups of plants

A

1) Non-Vasular Plants
2) Seedless Vascular Plants
3) Gymnosperms
4) Angiosperms

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2
Q

Plants are most closely related to…

A

Charophytes

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3
Q

3 Features Land Plants Share with Charophytes

A

1) Rossette-Shaped cellulose-synthesizing complexes
2) Structure of Sperm (flagellated)
3) Presence of Phragmoplast during cell division

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4
Q

Kingdom Viridiplantae

Virid = ?

A

The kingdom that could put cholorphytes, charophyceans, and embrophytes in this kingdom.
Virid = Green

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5
Q

6 Characteristics that separate plants from Charophycean algae ?

A

1) Multicellular, dependant embroys
2) Alternation of Generations
3) Sporopollenin
4) Adaptations for Water Conservation
5) Lignified vascular Tissue
6) Apical Meristems

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6
Q

Characteristic of Multicellular, Dependant Embryos

A
  • Zygote retained within tissues of female parents

- Parent provides nutrients through special embryonic plancental cells

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7
Q

Alternation of Generations

A

A life cycle in which haploid multicellular and diploid multicellular body forms alternate

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8
Q

Sporopollenin

A

Tough polymer in wall of plant spores, resistant to drying

- None in aquatic spores

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9
Q

2 Adaptations Plants have for water conservation

A

1) Waxy Cuticle - On epidermis acts as waterproofing

2) Stomata - Pores in the leaves allow gas exchange

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10
Q

Lignified Vascular Tissue (2 Types)

A
  • Used for internal transport
    1) Xylem - cells carry water and minerals up
    2) Phloem - cells distribute organic products
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11
Q

Apical Meristems

A

Undifferentiated tissue from which new, differentiated cells arise

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12
Q

2 Features terrestrial Plants have that aquatic don’t

A

1) More compartmentalized resources

2) Structure show specalization for searching for water & minerals underground, and light and gas above.

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13
Q

Three Phyla of Non Vascular Plants

A

1) Phylum Heptophyta
2) Phylum Anthocerophyta
3) Phylum Bryophyta

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14
Q

Bryophytes

A
  • Lack true vascular tissue
  • lack lignin
  • Lack of supporting tissue keeps them small
  • Haploid gametophytes and most dominant phase
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15
Q

Bryophyte Sperm / Egg Ograns

A

Female Archegonium

Male Antheridium - flagellated sperm

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16
Q

Bryophyte Life cycle

A
  • Sperm must swim through water film, need moist places

- Sporophytes release 1000’s of asexually produced spores

17
Q

Economic Uses for Bryophytes

A

Sphagnum moss forms peat, peat used as fuel

dead cells harvested for soil conditioner because they can hold water