Bio 108 - Lecture 12

Question 1

One Phylum of Angiosperms

Answer 1

Anthophyta

Question 2

Phylum Anthophyta

Answer 2

• Majority of seed plants, 250 000 species

- Includes all sizes

Question 3

Microsporophylls on a flower

Answer 3

Stamens = Anther + Filament (male)

Question 4

Megasporophylls on a flower

Answer 4

Carpels = Stigma + style + ovary (female)

Question 5

Perfect vs Imperfect Flower

Answer 5

Perfect: Both stamens and carpels
Imperfect: Only has either stamens or carpels

Question 6

Anthos =

Answer 6

Flower

Question 7

Monoecious
Mono =
Oikos =

Answer 7

• When an imperfect flower has male and female flowers on same individual plant
  mono = one
  Oikos = House

Question 8

Diocecious

di =

Answer 8

When an imperfect flower has male and female flowers on different individual plants

Question 9

What is a fruit?

Answer 9

• A mature ovary containing seeds
• The “container” part of the angiosperm
• Can be dry and thin, or thick and fleshy

Question 10

How does fruit effect Seed dispersal?

Answer 10

Fruit aids dispersal of seeds, by either catching wind, or by catching animals

Question 11

What is a Cotyledon?

Answer 11

• an embryonic seed leave present inside the seed

- Radicle (embryonic root) is also present in seed

Question 12

Dicots vs Monocots

Answer 12

Dicots: Two cotyledons
Monocots: One cotyledon

Question 13

What do anthers produce?

Answer 13

Microspores that produce male gametophytes inside pollen

Question 14

What do Ovules Produce?

Answer 14

Ovules produce megaspores that produce female megagametophytes called embryo sac

Question 15

Have many cells in a angiosperm megagametophyte?

Answer 15

7 cells, much smaller then gymnosperm megagametophyte

Question 16

When does Polination occur?

Answer 16

When pollen lands on stigma

Question 17

What is a polar body?

Answer 17

When a megagametophyte cell has two nuclei

Question 18

What happens during germination?

Answer 18

1) The generative cells divides to form 2 sperm

2) The pollen tube grows down style to ovule in ovary, taking sperm with it

Question 19

What is Double Fertilization?

Answer 19

1) One sperm fuses with egg and produces a 2n zygote

2) Other sperm fuses with polar bodies and becomes a triploid endosperm

Question 20

What is the role of the Triploid Endosperm?

Answer 20

1) Takes nutrients from parent gametophyte

2) Undergoes mitosis to produce food for embryo

Question 21

When did Angiosperms start appearing?

Answer 21

During Cretaceous and early Tertiary periods

Question 22

How Cyads are like Angiosperms

Answer 22

• Larvae of weevil develops in male cones
• When adult weevils emerge and get dusted with pollen
• Adult weevils are attracted to sugary fluid produced by female cones
• Pollen fertilized the egg

Question 23

3 Gymnosperms that reproduce like Angiosperms

Answer 23

1) Cyads
2) Gnetum
3) Welwitschia Mirabilis

Question 24

Some Characteristics of Gymnosperms being related to Angiosperms

Answer 24

• Some gymnosperms reproduce by double fertilization.

- Each sperm gets fertilized, but as zygote grows, the, other aborts

Question 25

3 Advantages to Angiosperm - Style Fertilization

Answer 25

1) Food store for seed develops only after fertilization
2) Female gametophyte reduced in size and is cheaper to produce
3) Production of female gametophyte takes only a few days rather then months

Question 26

What is the oldest angiosperm?

Answer 26

Amborella Trichopoda

Question 27

6 Main Differences between Monocots and Eudicots

Answer 27

1) 1 vs 2 Cotyledons
2) Parallel vs Netlike Veins
3) Scattered vs Ring-like vascular tissue
4) Fibrous root vs taproot
5) 1 vs 3 openings in pollen
6) Flower parts in 3’s vs 4’s or 5’s

Question 28

Eudicot

Answer 28

A monophyletic subset of dicots

Question 29

4 Importances Angiosperms Have to Humans

Answer 29

1) Food
2) Oil
3) Spices and flavorings
4) Drugs