BGM1002/L14 DNA Structure Flashcards

1
Q

What was the Franklin and Wilkins experiment (1952)?

A

X-ray fibre diffraction crystallography

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2
Q

How can the structure of a molecule be calculated from the Franklin and Wilkins experiment (1952)?

A

Using distances and diffraction

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3
Q

What did ‘Plate 51’ suggest in the Franklin and Wilkins experiment (1952)?

A

Symmetry and double helix structure of DNA

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4
Q

What did the angle between two arms of 60 represent in the Franklin and Wilkins experiment (1952)?

A

10 repeating units for 34A spacing
Helical radius of 10A

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5
Q

Give 3 features of DNA discovered from the Watson & Crick experiment.

A

Double-helical
Right-handed
Two anti-parallel strands 5’-3’ & 3’-5’
Backbone on outside of helix
Hydrogen bonds between base pairs

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6
Q

Give 2 features of DNA that contribute to its structural stability.

A

Hydrophobic effect
Base pair hydrogen bonds
Base pair stacking
Cooperativity

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7
Q

Give 3 features of the major groove.

A

22A wide
Information-rich
Can be read without unwinding
Exploited by transcription factors
Tx factor c-Myc-Max binds

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8
Q

Give 2 features of the minor groove.

A

Information-poor
Less frequenty used for sequence recognition
Binding typically alters DNA architecture

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9
Q

Give the 3 models of DNA replication.

A

Semiconservative
Conservative
Dispersive

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10
Q

Name 4 requirements for DNA replication.

A

dNTP precursors
DNA polymerases
Primers
Buffer

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11
Q

Which way is DNA synthesised?

A

5’-3’

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12
Q

How are mismatched nucleotides removed from newly synthesised DNA?

A

3’-5’ exonucleases

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13
Q

What is DnaB helicase recuited by?

A

DnaA

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14
Q

What is DnaB helicase loaded around?

A

ssDNA

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15
Q

What is DnaB helicase translocation dependent on?

A

ATPase

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16
Q

What is ssDNA protein loaded onto and wrapped around?

A

Loaded onto ssDNA
Wrapped around SSB tetramers

17
Q

What is the function of SSB protein?

A

Prevents secondary structure formation

18
Q

How many copies of the DnaA binding sequence exist in humans?

A

5