BGM1002/L05 Enzymes I Flashcards
Give 2 examples of structural proteins.
Keratin
Collagen
Give 2 examples of contractile proteins.
Actin
Myosin
What can the activity of enzymes be controlled by?
Host organism
External intervention/environment
How do many drugs and poisons work?
Enzyme inhibition
How does haemogglutanin work?
Interacts with cell membrane
Inserted into cell membrane
Interacts with other proteins in cells
What protein facilitates the entry of influenza into cells?
Haemagglutanin
What protein facilitates the exit of influenza from host cells?
Neuraminidase
Which 2 anti-flu drugs target the neuraminidase enzyme of influenza? By which mechanism?
Tamiflu & Relenza
Competitive inhibition
Which section of penecillin-binding proteins interact with the active site?
Beta-lactam ring
How do penecillin-binding proteins work?
Catalyse cross-linking of peptide component to glycine cell wall in bacteria
Cells weaken and lyse due to lack of crosslinks
Which enzyme breaks down Penecillin in penecillin-resistant bacteria?
Beta lactamase
What kind of bacteria can develop penecillin resistance via beta lactamase?
Gram negative bacteria
How does Penecillin work?
Inhibits enzyme necessary for cell wall formation
By which mechanism do nucleoside analogue drugs work?
Irreversibly bind to active site
Give 3 examples of anti-viral drugs.
AZT/ Azidothymidine
Acyclovir
Remdesvir
What is Keq?
Equilibrium constant
Ratio of products over reactants
Correlated with energy released by a reaction.
What is the equation for Gibb’s Free Energy Change?
Change in G= -RT(LnKeq)
What determines reaction rate?
Activation energy (AE)
How do catalysts work?
Lowering activation energy by providing an alternative reaction pathway
How do enzymes lower AE?
Bind reactant
Stabilise reaction intermediate
How is Keq affected by enzymes?
No effect
