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Year 2 Dermatology (JK) > Benign and pre-malignant skin conditions > Flashcards

Benign and pre-malignant skin conditions Flashcards

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Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

What cells are seborrheic keratosis derived from?

A

keratinocytes

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2
Q

Appearance of seborrheic keratosis

A

warty growths with a stuck on appearance
variable
multiple angiomas

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3
Q

How are seborrheic keratosis treated?

A

usually left unless problematic and then would do cryotherapy or curettage

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4
Q

What is cryotherapy?

A

freeze with liquid nitrogen

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5
Q

pros of cryotherapy

A

cheap and easy to perform on the day

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6
Q

Cons of cryotherapy

A

scar, failure/recurrence and no pathology result

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7
Q

What is leser trelat?

A

paraneoplastic

abrupt onset of widespread seborrheic keratosis

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8
Q

What can leser trelat signify?

A

underlying solid organ malignancy eg GI adenocarcinoma

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9
Q

What is the cause of viral warts?

A

HPV

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10
Q

Treatment of viral warts

A

not treated in children
clear when immunity develops
cryotherapy or wart paints can stimulate immune system slightly
curette if severe

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11
Q

Define a cyst

A

encapsulated lesion containing fluid or semi-fluid material

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12
Q

How do cysts feel?

A

firm and fluctuant

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13
Q

List some types of cysts

A 
epidermoid 
pilar 
dermoid 
steatocystoma 
hidrocystoma 
ganglion
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14
Q

Treatment of cyst and what to do if it becomes infected

A

excision

antibiotics, intralesional steroid, incision and drain

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15
Q

What is a dermatofibroma?

A

benign fibrous nodule often on limbs due to proliferation of fibroblasts

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16
Q

Appearance of deramtofibroma

A

firm nodule, tethered to skin but mobile over fat

pale pink/brown - paler in centre

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17
Q

What test is positive in dermatofibroma?

A

dimple sign

18
Q

Management of dermatofibroma

A

asymptomatic usually but may be itchy or tender but if symptomatic can excise

19
Q

Define lipoma

A

benign tumour of fat cells

20
Q

Texture of lipoma

A

smooth and rubbery subcutaneous mass

21
Q

What would you be considering if a lipoma is tender?

A

angiolipoma

liposarcoma

22
Q

What is an angioma?

A

overgrowth of blood vessels in the skin due to proliferating endothelial cells

23
Q

Groups of people angiomas are found in

A

all ages

pregnancy and liver disease

24
Q

Appearance of pyogenic granuloma

A

Rapidly enlarging red raw growth at site of trauma

bleed

25
Q

Treatment of pyogenic granuloma

A

curettage and cautery

26
Q

Risk factors of pre-malignant conditions

A

UV radiation and immunosuppression

27
Q

Appearance of actinic keratosis

A

rough scaly patches on sun damaged skin

28
Q

Treatment of actinic keratosis

A

cryotherapy, curettage, diclofenac gel and imiquimod

29
Q

What is the risk of actinic keratosis transforming into SCC?

A

low

30
Q

What is bowen’s disease?

A

intraepidermal SCC

31
Q

Appearance of bowmans disease

A

irregular scaly erythematous plaque

32
Q

Treatment of bowen’s disease

A

cryotherapy
curettage
photodynamic therapy
imiquimod

33
Q

What does photodynamic therapy do?

A

kill cancer cells

34
Q

Pros of photodynamic therapy

A

done for patient by hospital staff
can treat multiple areas
1 or 2 areas

35
Q

Cons of photodynamic therapy

A

requires hospital admission

can be painful and scar

36
Q

What does imiquimod do?

A

immune response modifier which stimulates cytokine release and destroys lesion

37
Q

Pros of imiquimod

A

Useful when surgery undesirable
good cosmetic result
large SA

38
Q

Cons of imiquimod

A

treatment time 6 weeks
inflammation
failure/recurrence
do it themselves

39
Q

Management of melanoma in situ

A

cannot metastasises - confined to epidermis

excise and educate on checking skin

40
Q

Name a type of melanoma in situ usually found on the face

A

lentigo maligna

41
Q

If a patient came asking for advice on sun exposure what would you tell them?

A 
cover up 
avoid 10am-4pm 
wear atleast SPF 30 
do not burn and try to not tan
avoid sunbeds 
UVA+UVB protection 
2 tablespoons every 2 hours

Year 2 Dermatology (JK) (11 decks)

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