Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Year 2 Dermatology (JK) > Acute and emergency dermatology > Flashcards

Acute and emergency dermatology Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

List some consequences of the skin failing

A

sepsis
hypo/hyper thermia
protein and fluid loss
peripheral vasodilation –> heart failure in extreme cases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Define erythoderma

A

any inflammatory skin disease affecting >90% of the total skin surface

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Causes of erythoderma (conditions)

A 
psoriasis 
eczema 
drugs 
cutaneous lymphoma 
hereditary disorders
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Management of erythoderma

A 
remove precipitating drug 
supportive therapy 
hydration 
appropriate setting 
manage itch 
emollient 
temperature regulation 
oral and eye care 
treat infection 
nutrition
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the cause of SJS/TEN? give examples

A

secondary to drugs eg antibiotics, anti-histamines, allopurinol, NSAIDs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Is SJS or TEN more severe? Why?

A

TEN

Amount of surface epidermal detachment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Symptoms of SJS

A

fever, malaise and arthralgia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

SJS rash

A

maculopapular

blisters

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How much of skin surface is covered in erosions in SJS?

A

<10%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Mouth appearance in SJS

A

greyish white membrane

haemorrhagic crusting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How does TEN often present?

A

prodromal febrile illness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Are mucous membranes ulcerated in SJS or TEN?

A

both

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

TEN rash

A

macular, purpuric or blistering

rapidly becomes confluent and desquamation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is nikolsky’s sign? What are 2 conditions it may be positive in?

A

blister formation by pressing on skin

TEN and pemphigus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Management of SJS/TEN?

A

stop precipitating drug
supportive therapy eg temp, infections
?? high dose steroids, immunoglobulins, anti TNF therapy, ciclosporin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

SCORTEN - SJS/TEN prognosis

A 
age >40 
malignancy 
HR >120 
initial epidermal detachment >10%
serum urea >10
serum glucose >14 
serum bicarbonate >20
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Long term complications of SJS/TEN

A 
scarring 
pigmentary skin changes 
eye disease and blindness 
nail and hair loss 
joint contractures
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is erythema multiforme triggered by?

A

hypersensitivity reaction triggered by infection - HSV then mycoplasma pneumonia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Onset of EM?

A

very rapid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Appearance of EM

A

from distal –> proximal

palms and soles, mucosal surfaces, pink macules become elevated and blister

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Treatment of EM

A

self limiting

treat underlying cause

22
Q

When does DRESS occur?

A

2-8 weeks after drug exposure

23
Q

DRESS signs/symptoms

A

fever, widespread rash, eosinophilia, deranged liver function, lymphadenopathy

24
Q

DRESS treatment

A

stop causative drug
symptomatic and supportive
systemic steroids
+/- immunosuppression or immunoglobulins

25
Q

Pemphigus cause

A

antibodies targeted at desmosomes

26
Q

Pemphigus appearance

A

watery blisters, intact blisters may not be seen, rupture easily, flaccid blisters

27
Q

Where is pemphigus found?

A

mucous membranes, face, axilla, groin, eyes, nose

28
Q

2 biopsies for pemphigus techniques

A

immunofluorescence

histopathology

29
Q

Pemphigoid cause

A

antibodies directed at dermo-epidermal junction

30
Q

Blisters in pemphigoid

A

intact epidermis forms roof of blister

usually tense and intact

31
Q

Causes of erythodermic/pustular psoriasis

A

infection

sudden withdrawl of oral or potent topical steroids

32
Q

Appearance of erythodermic/pustular psoriasis and symptoms

A

generalised erythema - groups of pustules

fever, infection, Increased WCC

33
Q

Treatment of erythodermic/pustular psoriasis

A

bland emollient and systemic therapy

34
Q

What should be avoided in erythodermic/pustular psoriasis treatment?

A

steroids

35
Q

What is eczema herpeticum?

A

Disseminated herpes virus infection on a background of poorly controlled eczema

36
Q

eczema herpeticum symptoms and signs

A

fever, lethargy, monomorphic blisters, punched out erosions, painful

37
Q

eczema herpeticum treatment

A

acyclovir, mild topical steroid, ophthalmology

38
Q

What is something to think about with eczema herpeticum in adults?

A

immunocompromised

39
Q

People affected by staphylococcal scaled skin syndrome

A

children and immunocompromised adults

40
Q

How does staphylococcal scaled skin syndrome start?

A

staph infection, diffuse erythematous rash, skin tenderness

41
Q

How does staphylococcal scaled skin syndrome proceed?

A

desquamation, blistering, fever and irritability

42
Q

staphylococcal scaled skin syndrome treatment

A

IV antibiotics, supportive care

43
Q

Other names for urticarial

A

wheal or hives

44
Q

Describe an urticaria lesion

A

central swelling of varying size surrounded by erythema
dermal oedema
itching and burning due to histamine release

45
Q

Consequence of angioedema in urticaria

A

deeper swelling of skin or mucous membranes

46
Q

4 causes of acute urticaria

A

food
drugs
idiopathic
infection - viral

47
Q

Treatment of acute urticaria

A

oral antihistamine

oral steroids

48
Q

2 things to avoid in urticaria

A

NSAIDs and opiates

49
Q

3 causes of chronic urticaria

A

autoimmune/idiopathic
physical
vasculitic

50
Q

Management of urticaria

A

antihistamine
anti leukotriene
immunomodulant

Year 2 Dermatology (JK) (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions