Behavioral Drugs Flashcards
Most behavioral drugs used in vet med are?
Human psychiatric drugs that are used off label/extra label
All psychotherapy drugs are through to produce their effects by?
Altering neurotransmitter activity in the brain
What neurotransmitter are effected by psychotherapy drugs?
- Acetylcholine
- Dopamine
- Norepinephrine (Noradrenaline)
- Serotonin
- GABA: Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid
We are 100% sure how psychotherapy drugs work in animals
False - we do not know for 100$ sure
What are common anti-anxiety medications used in vet meds?
- Benzodiazepines
- Buspirone
What are common Benzodiazepines used in vet med for anxiety relief?
- Alprazolam (Xanax)
- Diazepam
- Lorazepam
Benzodiazepines clinical use?
- Fears
- Phobias
- Urine Marking *Cats
- Aggression
- Dementia
- OCD
Benzodiazepine side affects?
- Lethargy
- Ataxia
- Increased Appetite
- Hyper-Excitability
Buspirone works by?
Thought to block serotonin receptors in the brain *Not 100% sure
Buspirone clinical use?
- Urine Marking *Cats
- Fear Anxiety
Is Buspirone a controlled drug?
No
What are common antidepressants used in vet med?
- Tricyclic Antidepressants
- A electric Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRI’S)
- Tazadone
- Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors
Tricyclic Antidepressants are thought to work by?
Preventing the re-uptake of norepinephrine & serotonin
Tricyclic antidepressants clinical use?
- Separation anxiety
- Obsessive compulsive disorders
- Aggression
- Urine Marking
Common Tricyclic antidepressants used in vet meds?
- Clomipramine
- Amitriptyline
- Imipramine
Tricyclic antidepressant adverse effects?
- Sedation
- Anticholinergics Effects
- Dry Mouth
- Tachycardia
- Mydriasis
- Decreased Tear Production
- Constipation
Selective-Serontonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRI’S) commonly used in vet med?
- Fluoxetine (Prozac)
- Sertraline (Prozac)
- Paroexetine (Paxil)
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors work by?
Increasing the amount of serotonin in the neural synapse by preventing its reuptake into the nerve terminal which increases the amount of serotonin in the neural synapse/brain
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors Clinical Use:
- OCD
- Aggression
- Phobias
- Separation Anxiety
- Urine Marking
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors Adverse Affects
- Lethargy
- Anorexia
- Nausea
- Diarrhea
- Anxiety
- Restless
Trazodone is said to work by?
- Blocking serotonin receptors & preventing serotonin reputable in the synapse.
- Considered serotonin antagonist & reuptake inhibitors
Trazadone can be prescribed w/
Gabapenting for dogs to help with/ sedation
Trazodone is not commonly prescribed in which species?
Cats
Trazodone clinical use?
- Manage short term anxiety (Calm Anxious Animals)
- Fireworks
- Noise Anxiety
Trazodone adverse effects?
- Sedation
- Aggression
- Nausea
Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors is said to work?
By inhibiting the enzyme that breaks down dopamine allowing dopamine levels to increase in the brain.
* It is said that older dogs produce less dopamine in their body which is why its common for older dogs to get dementia
Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors used in vet med?
Selegiline
Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors clinical use?
Dementia : Canine Cognitive Dysfunction Syndrome
*Old Dog Dementia
Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors Adverse Effects
- Vomiting
- Diarrhea
- Anorexia
- Salivation
- Restlessness
Explain serotonin syndrome
Concurrent use of multiple antidepressants can cause:
- diarrhea
- Vomiting
- Tachycardia
- Muscle Tremors / Muscle Stiffness
- Restlessness
- Panting
- Disorientation
- Seizures
