BCM: Basic Methods at the Individual Level

Question 1

Assuring high level engagement of
the participants’ group in problem
solving, decision making, and
change activities; with highest level
being control by the participants’
group.

Answer 1

Participation

Question 2

Using messages designed to
strengthen positive beliefs, weaken
negative beliefs, and introduce new
beliefs.

Answer 2

Belief Selection

Question 3

Guiding individuals and
environmental agents toward the
adoption of an idea, attitude, or
action by using arguments or other
means.

Answer 3

Persuasive Communication

Question 4

Encouraging learning from goaldriven and activity-based
experience.
Time, information, and skills.

Answer 4

Active Learning

Question 5

Matching the intervention or
components to previously measured
characteristics of the participant.

Answer 5

Tailoring

Question 6

Providing opportunities for learners
to have personal questions
answered or instructions paced
according to their individual
progress.
Personal communication that
responds to a learner’s needs

Answer 6

Individualisation

Question 7

Providing an appropriate model
being reinforced for the desired
action.

Answer 7

Modeling

Question 8

Giving information to individuals
and environmental agents regarding
the extent to which they are
accomplishing learning or performance, or the extent to which
performance is having an impact.

Answer 8

Feedback

Question 9

Providing reinforcement: linking a
behavior to any consequence that
increases the behavior’s rate,
frequency or probability.

Answer 9

Reinforcement

Question 10

Providing punishment: linking a
behavior to any consequence that
decreases the behavior’s rate,
frequency or probability.
Punishment need to be tailored to
the individual, group, or
organization, to follow the behavior
in time, and to be seen as a
consequence of the behavior.

Answer 10

Punishment

Question 11

Providing a collaborative, goaloriented style of communication
with particular attention to the
language of change; designed to
strengthen personal motivation for
and commitment to a specific goal
by eliciting and exploring the
person’s own reasons for change
within an atmosphere of acceptance
and compassion.

Answer 11

Motivational Interviewing, MI

Question 12

Creating an environment that makes
the action easier or reduces barriers
to action.
Requires real changes in the
environment instead of in the
perceptions of the environment.

Answer 12

Facilitation

Question 13

Simple changes in the presentation
of choice alternatives that make the
desired choice the easy, automatic
or default choice.
Requires autonomy: freedom of
choice, a sense of awareness, and
the healthy choice being default:
easy and attractive.

Answer 13

Nudging