Basic Lab Techniques Flashcards
List 12 Laboratory Techniques
A rugged, inexpensive weighing instrument used in measuring mass. It is named for the three beam which carry weights.
Triple Beam Balance
Used for preparative work where an error of ±0.02 g is acceptable.
Top Load Balance
highly sensitive lab instruments designed to accurately measure mass. Their readability has a range between 0.1mg - 0.01mg.
Analytical Balance
List all the steps in transferring liquids using pipettes.
- Using chemical suction
- Wipe off outside of pipette with gauze
- Adjusting the meniscus
- Drain into receiving vessel
process where liquid is converted to a gaseous state through wind and air temperature changes
Evaporation
technique used to separate solids from liquids, is the act of pouring a mixture onto a membrane (filter paper) that allows the passage of liquid (the filtrate) and results in the collection of the solid.
Filtration
process that can be used to separate a pure liquid from a mixture of liquids. It works when the liquids have different boiling point
Distillation
This refers to heating a solution with an attached condenser to prevent reagents from escaping. “ to increase the rate of chemical reaction”
Reflux Heating
used in the identification of certain metals. It is based on the observation that light emitted by any element gives a unique spectrum
Flame Test
Which of the following apparatus is not included in the distillation setup?
- Hot plate
- Condenser
- Adapter
- Thermometer
- Test tube
Hot plate (not sure)
List all the basic laboratory technique
- Measuring mass
- Measuring volume
- Heating and evaporation
- Distillation
- Filtration
- Reflux heating
- Flame test
- Sublimation
- Decantation
solid to gas
Sublimation
the process of separation of liquid from solid and other immiscible (non-mixing) liquids, by removing the liquid layer at the top from the layer of solid or liquid below
Decantation
also known as a sample tube, is a common piece of laboratory glassware consisting of a finger-like length of glass or clear plastic tubing, open at the top and closed at the bottom
Test tube
laboratory equipment used to hold upright multiple test tubes at the same time
Test tube rack/stand
is a brush used for cleaning test tubes and narrow mouth laboratory glassware, such as graduated cylinders, burettes, and Erlenmeyer flasks
Test tube brush/spout brush
used to hold test tubes. It is used for holding a test tube in place when the tube is hot or should not be touched
Test tube holder
Used as containers, is available in a variety of sizes. Although they possess volume markings, these are only rough estimates of the liquid volume. The markings are not necessarily accurate.
Beakers
Often used as reaction vessels, particularly in titrations. As with beakers, the volume marking should not be considered accurate.
Erlenmeyer Flask
Used to measure and store solutions with a high degree of accuracy.
Volumetric Flask
Used to transfer liquids with a moderate degree of accuracy.
Graduated Cylinder
Used for transferring liquids with a fixed volume and quantity of liquid must be known to a high degree of accuracy.
Pipette
These are made of plastic and are useful for transferring liquids dropwise.
Disposable Pipette
A tube or pipe that is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom, used for guiding or powder into a small opening.
Funnel
It is a small dish shaped like a cylinder.
Petri Dish
Used to mix chemicals and liquids for laboratory purposes. They are usually made of solid glass, about the thickness and slightly longer than a drinking straw, with rounded ends.
Glass/Stirring Rod
It is a semi-permeable paper barrier placed perpendicular to a liquid or air flow. It is used to separate fine substances from liquids or air. It is used in science labs to remove solids from liquids.
Filter paper
A circular concave piece of glass used in chemistry as a surface to evaporate a liquid, to hold solids while being weighed, for heating a small amount of substance and as a cover for a beaker.
Watch Glass
Used to prepare ingredients or substances by crushing and grinding them into a fine paste or powder in the laboratory.
Mortar and Pestle
It contains a chemical that changes color as it makes contact with an acid or base. The paper will turn red in acids and blue in bases.
Litmus and pH paper
Always add acid to _______.
Water
What is the proper measurement of the volume of a colorless liquid?
- Above the meniscus
- Below the meniscus
- At the center of the meniscus
At the center of the meniscus
What are the two physical changes involved in the distillation setup?
Evaporation and condensation
What is the liquid you obtained after filtration setup
Residue
At what part of the Bunsen burner where the amount of air that enters is controlled?
Collar
What is important to remember while you are using heat?
- Do not heat closed containers
- Point the mouth of the container away from yourself and classmates.
- Always use clamps to hold the container.
- All of the above
All of the above
True or False:
Observing proper and correct laboratory techniques is important in maintaining safety and attaining accurate results
True
